How to say "please" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • どうぞJLPT N5approx.Common
    adverbCovers the 'please' of offering or inviting: handing something over, holding a door, or inviting someone to sit or go ahead. It offers or grants rather than requests.
    Please show me your picture.
  • 何卒なにとぞJLPT N1approx.Common
    adverbAn earnest, humble 'please' of entreaty — 'I beg of you' — suited to formal requests and written appeals such as business correspondence. It is not the casual word for everyday asks.
    浅学せんがく非才ひさいの私ではありますが、何なにとぞ皆みな様さまのお力ちからを賜たまわりたく、ここにお願ねがい申し上もうしあげる次第しだいです。↗
    I may not have much to offer in the way of learning or ability, but I want to do whatever I can for us all and humbly ask for your favor.
  • くださいJLPT N5approx.Common
    expressionThe direct, everyday 'please (give me)': a respectful request to the listener for something to be given or done. It is the plainest of these for simply making a request.
    I'd like to have some hot chocolate.
  • お願いしますおねがいしますJLPT N2approx.Common
    expressionThe all-purpose polite 'please' when asking a favor, as when ordering or asking someone to do something. As humble language, it frames what you want as a request, not a demand.
    Flight reconfirmation, please.
  • お願いいたしますおねがいいたしますCommon
    expressionThe humble, formal counterpart of お願いします, at home in business settings and polite service exchanges. Choose it when extra deference is called for; it adds weight without changing the request's meaning.
    お願ねがいいたします、最後さいごまでお聞ききください。↗
    I do beseech you, hear me through.

Use 「どうぞ」 to offer or invite, 「ください」 to ask for something directly, 「お願いします」 for general polite requests, 「お願いいたします」 in formal or business settings, and 何卒 for earnest written pleas.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
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JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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