How to say "surge" in Japanese

• 波動はどうCommon
  no-adjectiveCovers 'surge' as wave motion or undulation — a moving, wave-like swell. The emphasis falls on the motion itself rather than on a single wave or a rise in figures.
• 大波おおなみCommon
  nounCovers 'surge' as a large wave or billow: the image is the sea swelling up into big, powerful waves. It is not a word for increases in prices or numbers.
  大波おおなみで彼かれらのボートは転覆てんぷくした。↗

  The huge waves upset their boat.
• 波浪はろうCommon
  nounCovers 'surge' as waves or billows — the sea's surface rising and rolling as a mass. It refers to the waves themselves, not to a rise in prices or numbers.
• 急増きゅうぞうCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbCovers 'surge' as a rapid increase or sharp rise in quantity: numbers or amounts shooting up over a short period, as with a surge in cases, visitors, or orders.
  ７月がつの工業こうぎょう生産せいさんは急増きゅうぞうした。↗

  Industrial production rose sharply in July.
• 急騰きゅうとうCommon
  noun, suru verb, intransitive verbCovers 'surge' as a sudden, sharp rise in price — a value jumping steeply, as in a market. Use it when the surge is an upward leap in price rather than in quantity.
  円えんの価値かちが急騰きゅうとうした。↗

  The value of the yen has soared.

For a surge in numbers use 急増 and for a surge in price 急騰; among the wave words, 大波 is a large wave or billow, 波浪 waves or billows, and 波動 wave motion or undulation.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 波動はどうwave motion
• 大波おおなみbillow
• 波浪はろうwaves
• 急増きゅうぞうrapid increase
• 急騰きゅうとうsudden rise (in price)
• 湧くわくto well (up)
• サージsurge
• ほとばしるto surge
• 逆巻くさかまくto surge (water or waves)
• 洸洸こうこうvaliant
• 躍度やくどjerk
• 渦巻くうずまくto whirl around (of feelings, thoughts, etc.)
• うねりswell (of waves)
• 上げ潮あげしおsurge (in popularity, power, etc.)
• うねるto undulate