しみる・染みる・沁みる・滲みる・浸みる・泌みるshimiru[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- ichidan verb, intransitive verbto soak (into); to permeate; to seep (in); to penetrate; to pierce
- ichidan verb, intransitive verbto sting (of a wound, sensitive area, etc.); to smart; to twinge; to bite (e.g. of the cold); to be irritated (by)esp. 沁みる
- ichidan verb, intransitive verbto be infected (e.g. with vice); to be steeped (e.g. with prejudice); to be influenced
- ichidan verb, intransitive verbto feel keenly; to make a deep impression; to sink into (e.g. one's mind); to be moved
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | しみる |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | しみます |
| Negative (nai) | しみない |
| polite (masen) | しみません |
| classical zu / nu | しみず・しみぬ |
| Past (ta) | しみた |
| polite (mashita) | しみました |
| Past negative (nakatta) | しみなかった |
| polite (masen deshita) | しみませんでした |
| Te form | しみて |
| Potential | しみられる |
| Passive | しみられる |
| Causative | しみさせる |
| Causative passive | しみさせられる |
| Conditional (ba) | しみれば |
| tara | しみたら |
| Volitional | しみよう |
| polite (mashou) | しみましょう |
| Imperative | しみろ |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym染み込むしみこむNeutralFor liquid soaking deep inside, or feelings and habits becoming ingrained in the heart; 「染みる」 also covers a stinging wound or biting cold.
- Synonym染み渡るしみわたるNeutralFor something permeating through to every corner, as in 「身に染み渡る」; 「染みる」 focuses on soaking in or stinging.
- Related浸透しんとうNeutralA noun for the penetration of ideas or liquids; 「染みる」 is the more colloquial verb and can also describe a sting.
- Relatedしみ出るしみでるNeutralFor liquid oozing or seeping out to the surface from inside; 「染みる」 is about liquid soaking in, or a sting.
- Relatedにじみ出るにじみでるNeutralFor liquid seeping out from within, or a person's character naturally showing through; 「染みる」 is about soaking in.
- Related浸出しんしゅつWrittenWritten/formal prose, a chemistry term for leaching or extracting something by soaking; 「染みる」 is about liquid soaking in.
- Related浸入しんにゅうWrittenWritten/formal prose for water getting into a building etc., as in 「浸水」; 「染みる」 is the more colloquial everyday word.
Default to 「染みる」 for liquid soaking in, stinging pain, biting cold, or being deeply moved (「心に染みる」). 「染み込む」 is for soaking deep in or becoming ingrained; 「にじみ出る」/「しみ出る」 for oozing out; 「浸透」 for the spread of ideas; 「浸出」/「浸入」 are written terms.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
English equivalents
