みな・皆mina[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N5approx.Common
みんなminna[0]heiban (flat)
Definitions
  1. noun, pronoun, adverbeveryone; everybody; allみんな is less formal and more emphatic
    生徒せいと達たちはみんな家いえに帰かえりました。↗
    All the students have gone home.
    彼女かのじょはみんなに愛あいされている。↗
    She is loved by everybody.
  2. noun, adverbeverything; all
    木の葉このははみんな落おちてしまった。↗
    The leaves have all fallen.
Synonyms & antonyms
  • SynonymすべてNeutralCovers everything or all, people and things alike, as in 「全てを話す」; stresses leaving nothing out. For a group of people, 「みな」 or 「みんな」 is the usual choice.
  • Synonym全部ぜんぶNeutralRefers to the whole quantity and is used mostly for things, as in 「全部食べた」; when talking about people, 「みんな」 sounds more natural.
  • Synonym一切いっさいNeutralMeans everything with no exceptions and often pairs with a negative to mean 'not at all', as in 「一切関係ない」; the tone is emphatic.
  • Related全体ぜんたいNeutralTakes in everything as a single whole, as in 「クラス全体」; it stresses the group as one unit rather than its individual members.

「みな」 and 「みんな」 cover all the people or things present and are the most natural choice for people. For a total quantity use 「全部」 or 「全て」, for the whole as one unit 「全体」, and for emphasis on no exceptions or complete denial 「一切」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. (みな、みんな)そこに居いる人ひと全すべて。
  2. (みな、みんな)そこに有ある物もの全すべて。
  3. (みな、みんな)そこに居いる全すべての人ひと。
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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