余分|よぶんyobun[0]heiban (flat)

1. na-adjective, nounextra; excess; surplus
   私わたしたちは余分よぶんに１０ドル必要ひつようだ。↗

   We'll need an extra ten dollars.

• Synonym余剰よじょうNeutralSurplus or excess, used mostly in economic contexts such as 「余剰人員」「余剰金」; leans written.
• SynonymあまりNeutralWhat is left over or a remainder in division; as an adverb it also means (not) much or excessively.
• Synonym剰余じょうよWrittenWritten word for surplus or the remainder in division; common in accounting and mathematics.
• Related残りのこりNeutralWhat is left over, as in 「残りの時間」; it only says what remains, while 「余分」 implies more than needed or unwanted.
• Related過剰かじょうNeutralGoing beyond the proper range, as in 「過剰包装」; carries a negative nuance of excessiveness.
• Related残余ざんよWrittenWritten word for what remains or residue, as in 「残余財産」; common in legal contexts.
• Antonym不足ふそくNeutralNot enough or a shortage; the opposite of 「余分」, which is about having more than needed.
• Antonym欠乏けつぼうWrittenLack of something necessary; leans written, and is the opposite of 「余分」, which implies having extra.
• Antonym必要分NeutralThe amount needed; the opposite of 「余分」, which is what goes beyond that need.

Use 「余分」 for what is extra or beyond what is needed. For what simply remains, say 「残り」 or 「余り」; for economic surplus, 「余剰」; for excess beyond a proper limit, 「過剰」. 「剰余」 and 「残余」 are written words for surplus or residue in accounting, math, and law. The opposite is 「不足」 (not enough); 「欠乏」 is a written word for lack, and 「必要分」 is the amount actually needed.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 余あまり。
2. より多おおいこと。
3. 必要ひつよう以上いじょうに多おおいこと。