How to say "extra" in Japanese

• 余計よけいJLPT N2approx.Common
  na-adjectiveCovers 'extra' as more than is needed — too much, too many, unnecessary — often implying the excess is unwanted. Typical contexts: extra work, or an extra helping of food.
  余計よけいな努力どりょくの結果けっか、彼かれの血圧けつあつは通常つうじょう以上いじょうに上あがった。↗

  The extra effort raised his blood pressure above normal.
• 余分よぶんJLPT N3approx.Common
  na-adjective, nounThe neutral word for an extra amount: something surplus or in excess of what is needed, without any suggestion it is unwanted. Typical contexts are extra time, money, or copies.
  私わたしたちは余分よぶんに１０ドル必要ひつようだ。↗

  We'll need an extra ten dollars.
• エクストラCommon
  nounThe katakana word covers only the noun: an extra in a film, a background performer. It is not used for the adjective 'extra'; for extra amounts say 余分, for unwanted excess 余計.
• 番外ばんがいCommon
  nounMeans 'outside the count': something excluded from an official numbering or series, hence an exception. It also covers the theatrical sense of 'extra' (a supernumerary), but is seldom the word for everyday 'extra'.
• 割り増しわりましCommon
  no-adjective, suru verb, transitive verbRestricted to money: an extra charge or premium added to a fare, fee, or rate, often stated as a percentage increase. It is not the word for extra objects, time, or effort.
  割り増し料金わりましりょうきんはいくらでしたか。↗

  How much was the additional charge?

Use 余分 for a neutral extra amount, 余計 when the extra is excessive or unwanted, 「割り増し」 for extra charges, 「エクストラ」 for a film extra, and 番外 for something outside an official series or count.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 余計よけいextra
• 余分よぶんextra
• エクストラextra (e.g. in a film)
• 番外ばんがいexception
• 割増わりましextra (charge, fare, etc.)
• 付録ふろくappendix
• ちょい役ちょいやくsmall part (e.g. in a film)
• 限外げんがいexcess
• 補用ほようreplacement
• ましmore
• 臨時りんじspecial
• 別べつseparate
• 仕出ししだしwalk-on part (in a play or film)
• 別にべつにseparately