免罪|めんざいmenzai[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbacquittal
- noun, Christianityindulgence; remission of sin; pardon
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 免罪する（めんざいする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 免罪します（めんざいします） |
| Negative (nai) | 免罪しない（めんざいしない） |
| polite (masen) | 免罪しません（めんざいしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 免罪せず・免罪せぬ（めんざいせず・めんざいせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 免罪した（めんざいした） |
| polite (mashita) | 免罪しました（めんざいしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 免罪しなかった（めんざいしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 免罪しませんでした（めんざいしませんでした） |
| Te form | 免罪して（めんざいして） |
| Potential | 免罪できる（めんざいできる） |
| Passive | 免罪される（めんざいされる） |
| Causative | 免罪させる（めんざいさせる） |
| Causative passive | 免罪させられる（めんざいさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 免罪すれば（めんざいすれば） |
| tara | 免罪したら（めんざいしたら） |
| Volitional | 免罪しよう（めんざいしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 免罪しましょう（めんざいしましょう） |
| Imperative | 免罪しろ（めんざいしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym許しゆるしNeutralForgiveness or permission; the most general word. Not limited to guilt, it also means granting leave.
- Synonym赦免しゃめんFormalFormal: pardoning an offense, as in 「赦免状」; close to 「免罪」 but more formal.
- Synonym容赦ようしゃNeutralLeniency, holding back; mostly negative as in 「容赦しない」, with a focus on showing mercy.
- Related免責めんせきWrittenWritten: release from liability in general, as in 「免責事項」; 「免罪」 is specifically release from guilt, so the scope differs.
- Related恩赦おんしゃFormalFormal: the state reducing or remitting sentences of those already convicted; an institutional term, where 「免罪」 is broader.
- Related特赦とくしゃFormalFormal: a pardon granted to specific individuals, one type of 「恩赦」; a legal-procedure term.
- Related勘弁かんべんCasualColloquial 'forgive me, let me off', as in 「勘弁してくれ」; has nothing to do with legal guilt.
- Related大赦たいしゃFormalFormal: a general amnesty granted on national occasions, one type of 「恩赦」; a legal-procedure term.
- Related免訴めんそWrittenWritten legal term: a court's dismissal after prosecution on grounds such as the statute of limitations; it marks the end of proceedings.
- Related寛恕かんじょWrittenWritten 'forbearance', mostly in letters as 「ご寛恕ください」, with a humble tone.
- Related宥恕ゆうじょWrittenWritten 'forgiving and not pursuing'; also a legal term, 「宥恕」. Rarely used.
- Antonym有罪ゆうざいNeutralGuilty, as in 「有罪判決」; the opposite of being cleared of guilt by 「免罪」.
- Antonym処罰しょばつNeutralImposing punishment, as in 「処罰を受ける」; the opposite of being spared punishment by 「免罪」.
- Antonym断罪だんざいWrittenWritten: declaring someone guilty, also figuratively harsh condemnation; the opposite of 「免罪」.
For release from guilt, use 「免罪」, as in 「免罪符」. For the state reducing or remitting sentences, use 「恩赦」 or 「特赦」. To ask casually to be let off, say 「勘弁」. For declaring someone guilty, use 「断罪」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
See also
