冒す|おかすokasu[2]nakadaka (mid-high)

1. godan verb, transitive verbto brave; to risk; to face; to venture
2. godan verb, transitive verbto harm; to afflict; to affectof a disease, chemical, etc.
   喫煙きつえんが彼かれの肺はいを冒おかした。↗

   Smoking has affected his lungs.
3. godan verb, transitive verbto desecrate; to profane
4. godan verb, transitive verbto assume (someone else's surname); to take

• Synonym賭けるかけるNeutralRefers to betting or wagering, and also to staking one's life, as in 「命を賭ける」; 「冒す」 stresses going ahead despite knowing the danger.
• Synonym賭するとするWrittenUsed in written/formal prose for staking everything, as in 「命を賭して」; close in sense to 「冒す」 but more solemn.
• Antonym守るまもるNeutralMeans to protect or to keep and obey; the opposite of 「冒す」 in its senses of braving danger and doing harm.
• Antonym避けるさけるNeutralMeans to avoid or steer clear of danger; the opposite of 「冒す」, which means going toward danger.

Say 「危険を冒す」 for braving danger and 「病に冒される」 for illness striking the body; to stake one's life use 「賭ける」 or 「賭する」, and to avoid danger use 「避ける」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 危険きけんを恐おそれずに立ち向たちむかう。
2. 害がいを与あたえる。病気びょうきなどが体からだを傷きずつける。
3. 神聖しんせいなものを汚よごす。敬うやまうべきものを粗末そまつにする。
4. 他ほかの人ひとの姓せいを自分じぶんのものとして名乗なのる。