協力|きょうりょくkyouryoku[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbcooperation; collaboration; help; support
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 協力する(きょうりょくする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 協力します(きょうりょくします) |
| Negative (nai) | 協力しない(きょうりょくしない) |
| polite (masen) | 協力しません(きょうりょくしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 協力せず・協力せぬ(きょうりょくせず・きょうりょくせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 協力した(きょうりょくした) |
| polite (mashita) | 協力しました(きょうりょくしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 協力しなかった(きょうりょくしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 協力しませんでした(きょうりょくしませんでした) |
| Te form | 協力して(きょうりょくして) |
| Potential | 協力できる(きょうりょくできる) |
| Passive | 協力される(きょうりょくされる) |
| Causative | 協力させる(きょうりょくさせる) |
| Causative passive | 協力させられる(きょうりょくさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 協力すれば(きょうりょくすれば) |
| tara | 協力したら(きょうりょくしたら) |
| Volitional | 協力しよう(きょうりょくしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 協力しましょう(きょうりょくしましょう) |
| Imperative | 協力しろ(きょうりょくしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym協調きょうちょうWrittenWritten/formal prose. Parties with different positions or interests cooperate through mutual concession, as in 「国際協調」; it stresses harmony, while 「協力」 just means helping.
- Synonym連携れんけいNeutralNeutral. Focuses on staying in contact and dovetailing roles, mostly between departments or organizations; 「協力」 is broader and can describe one person helping another.
- Synonym共同きょうどうNeutralNeutral. Stresses several parties acting together on an equal footing or sharing things jointly, as in 「共同研究」; 「協力」 can be just one side helping the other.
- Synonym提携ていけいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Mostly companies or groups signing a cooperation deal or forming a partnership, as in 「業務提携」; more formal than 「協力」 and used between organizations.
- Synonym協働きょうどうWrittenWritten/formal prose. An administrative and community term for different parties working together as equals, as in 「市民との協働」; in everyday speech 「協力」 is enough.
- Related団結だんけつNeutralNeutral. People bind into one and pull together, stressing internal cohesion; 「協力」 is about contributing effort to something and need not mean forming a single body.
- Antonym対立たいりつNeutralNeutral. Two sides with opposite positions, neither willing to yield — the opposite of 「協力」, where parties join forces.
- Antonym反目はんもくWrittenWritten/formal prose. Mutual discord and hostility, mostly between people or within families; the opposite of 「協力」.
For everyday help or joint effort, use 「協力」. For coordination between organizations, choose 「連携」; for business alliances, 「提携」; for mutual concession between differing positions, 「協調」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


