叶う|かなうkanau[2]nakadaka (mid-high)

JLPT N1approx.Common
Definitions
  1. godan verb, intransitive verbto come true (of a dream, wish, etc.); to be realized; to be fulfilled; to be granted; to be answered (of a prayer); to be requited (of love)
    もし病気びょうきの人ひとが千羽せんばの鶴つるを折おると、その人ひとの願ねがいが叶かなうの。↗
    If a sick person folds one thousand paper cranes, her wish will come true.
Conjugation
Dictionary form叶う(かなう)
Polite (masu)叶います(かないます)
Negative (nai)叶わない(かなわない)
polite (masen)叶いません(かないません)
classical zu / nu叶わず・叶わぬ(かなわず・かなわぬ)
Past (ta)叶った(かなった)
polite (mashita)叶いました(かないました)
Past negative (nakatta)叶わなかった(かなわなかった)
polite (masen deshita)叶いませんでした(かないませんでした)
Te form叶って(かなって)
Potential叶える(かなえる)
Passive叶われる(かなわれる)
Causative叶わせる(かなわせる)
Causative passive叶わせられる・叶わされる(かなわせられる・かなわされる)
Conditional (ba)叶えば(かなえば)
tara叶ったら(かなったら)
Volitional叶おう(かなおう)
polite (mashou)叶いましょう(かないましょう)
Imperative叶え(かなえ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Transitive / intransitive pair
intransitive叶うかなう⇄transitive叶えるかなえる
夢ゆめが叶かなう
叶う focuses on the event or resulting state, as in 夢が叶う; 叶える foregrounds the agent acting on something, as in 夢を叶える.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Related適うかなうWrittenWritten/formal word for being able to do something, often in the negative 「〜能わず」. Its capability sense is only distantly related to 「叶う」's wish-coming-true meaning.
  • Antonym叶わないNeutralThe negative form of 「叶う」: a wish or dream fails to come true, as in 「夢が叶わない」. Direct opposite of the headword.

Dreams and wishes coming true take 「叶う」 (「夢が叶う」「願いが叶う」); the transitive is 「叶える」. For 'being able' in written/formal prose, use 「能う」; when a wish fails to come true, it's 「叶わない」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 【叶かなう】(願望がんぼうなどが)実現じつげんする。
Kanji in this word
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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