固化|こかkoka[1]atamadaka (head-high)

Common
Definitions
  1. noun, suru verb, intransitive verbsolidification
Conjugation
Dictionary form固化する(こかする)
Polite (masu)固化します(こかします)
Negative (nai)固化しない(こかしない)
polite (masen)固化しません(こかしません)
classical zu / nu固化せず・固化せぬ(こかせず・こかせぬ)
Past (ta)固化した(こかした)
polite (mashita)固化しました(こかしました)
Past negative (nakatta)固化しなかった(こかしなかった)
polite (masen deshita)固化しませんでした(こかしませんでした)
Te form固化して(こかして)
Potential固化できる(こかできる)
Passive固化される(こかされる)
Causative固化させる(こかさせる)
Causative passive固化させられる(こかさせられる)
Conditional (ba)固化すれば(こかすれば)
tara固化したら(こかしたら)
Volitional固化しよう(こかしよう)
polite (mashou)固化しましょう(こかしましょう)
Imperative固化しろ(こかしろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym固まるかたまるNeutralEveryday verb for hardening or solidifying; also covers ideas settling and people gathering. The most common choice, where 固化 is written or technical.
  • Synonym硬化こうかNeutralHardening of materials, but also stiffening attitudes as in 「態度が硬化する」; seen in 動脈硬化 'hardening of the arteries'.
  • Synonym固結こけつWrittenWritten-style word for hardening and binding together; rare, used mainly for soil and geological contexts.
  • Related硬直こうちょくNeutralStiffening of the body; also figurative for rigid institutions as 「硬直化」. Unlike 固化, it is not about substances setting.
  • RelatedこごるNeutralFor liquids cooling into a jelly, as with chilled broth in 「煮こごり」; focuses on cold setting rather than general solidifying.
  • Antonym液化えきかNeutralThe opposite of 固化: solids or gases turning into liquid.
  • Antonym溶解ようかいNeutralThe opposite of 固化: dissolving into a liquid or melting, as with heated metals.

For everyday solidifying use 「固まる」; 「固化」 is the written or technical term for paints, resins and the like setting into shape. Attitudes hardening take 「硬化」, body stiffness or rigid systems 「硬直」, liquids gelling 「凝る」. Opposites: 「液化」, 「溶解」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 物ものがかたまること。また、物ものをかためること。
  2. 表情ひょうじょうや態度たいどが固かたく強こわばること。
Kanji in this word
See also

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