固化|こかkoka[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbsolidification
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 固化する(こかする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 固化します(こかします) |
| Negative (nai) | 固化しない(こかしない) |
| polite (masen) | 固化しません(こかしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 固化せず・固化せぬ(こかせず・こかせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 固化した(こかした) |
| polite (mashita) | 固化しました(こかしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 固化しなかった(こかしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 固化しませんでした(こかしませんでした) |
| Te form | 固化して(こかして) |
| Potential | 固化できる(こかできる) |
| Passive | 固化される(こかされる) |
| Causative | 固化させる(こかさせる) |
| Causative passive | 固化させられる(こかさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 固化すれば(こかすれば) |
| tara | 固化したら(こかしたら) |
| Volitional | 固化しよう(こかしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 固化しましょう(こかしましょう) |
| Imperative | 固化しろ(こかしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym固まるかたまるNeutralEveryday verb for hardening or solidifying; also covers ideas settling and people gathering. The most common choice, where 固化 is written or technical.
- Synonym硬化こうかNeutralHardening of materials, but also stiffening attitudes as in 「態度が硬化する」; seen in 動脈硬化 'hardening of the arteries'.
- Synonym固結こけつWrittenWritten-style word for hardening and binding together; rare, used mainly for soil and geological contexts.
- Related硬直こうちょくNeutralStiffening of the body; also figurative for rigid institutions as 「硬直化」. Unlike 固化, it is not about substances setting.
- RelatedこごるNeutralFor liquids cooling into a jelly, as with chilled broth in 「煮こごり」; focuses on cold setting rather than general solidifying.
- Antonym液化えきかNeutralThe opposite of 固化: solids or gases turning into liquid.
- Antonym溶解ようかいNeutralThe opposite of 固化: dissolving into a liquid or melting, as with heated metals.
For everyday solidifying use 「固まる」; 「固化」 is the written or technical term for paints, resins and the like setting into shape. Attitudes hardening take 「硬化」, body stiffness or rigid systems 「硬直」, liquids gelling 「凝る」. Opposites: 「液化」, 「溶解」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


