坂・阪|さかsaka[2]odaka (tail-high)

1. nounslope; incline; hill
   坂さかを下おりるときに彼女かのじょのおんぼろ自転車じてんしゃはキーキー音おとを立たてた。↗

   Her old bike squeaked as she rode down the hill.
2. nounmilestone; (age) marke.g. 60の坂

• Synonym斜面しゃめんWrittenWritten word for sloping ground or an inclined surface, as in 「山の斜面」; unlike 「坂」, it is not necessarily a path you can walk.
• SynonymスロープNeutralLoanword for a ramp, e.g. for cars or wheelchairs, as in 「車椅子用スロープ」; 「坂」 usually means an ordinary sloping road.
• Synonym傾斜面けいしゃめんWrittenWritten word for a flat surface tilted at a set angle; 「坂」 is a sloping road you can walk.
• Related勾配こうばいNeutralRefers to the degree of incline rather than the path itself, as in 「急な勾配」; it is about how steep a slope is.
• Related法面のりめんFormalFormal civil-engineering term for a slope face created by cutting or filling in construction, as in 「法面工事」; 「坂」 is a sloping road.
• Antonym平地へいちNeutralThe opposite of 「坂」: flat, level land, as in 「平地に住む」.
• Antonym平坦へいたんNeutralThe opposite of 「坂」: flat and even, or smooth and uneventful, as in 「平坦な道」.

Default to 「坂」 for a slope or sloping road. 「斜面」 and 「傾斜面」 are written words for sloping ground or surfaces, 「スロープ」 is a ramp, 「勾配」 is the steepness, 「法面」 an engineered slope face; 「平地」 and 「平坦」 describe flat ground, the opposite.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. （さか）一方いっぽうが高たかく、一方いっぽうが低ひくく傾斜けいしゃして勾配こうばいのある道みち。さかみち。
2. （さか）難渋なんじゅうして進すすみがたい過程かてい。