大破|たいはtaiha[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbserious damage; heavy damage; being wrecked
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbthrashing (an opponent); crushing; giving a drubbing
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 大破する（たいはする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 大破します（たいはします） |
| Negative (nai) | 大破しない（たいはしない） |
| polite (masen) | 大破しません（たいはしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 大破せず・大破せぬ（たいはせず・たいはせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 大破した（たいはした） |
| polite (mashita) | 大破しました（たいはしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 大破しなかった（たいはしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 大破しませんでした（たいはしませんでした） |
| Te form | 大破して（たいはして） |
| Potential | 大破できる（たいはできる） |
| Passive | 大破される（たいはされる） |
| Causative | 大破させる（たいはさせる） |
| Causative passive | 大破させられる（たいはさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 大破すれば（たいはすれば） |
| tara | 大破したら（たいはしたら） |
| Volitional | 大破しよう（たいはしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 大破しましょう（たいはしましょう） |
| Imperative | 大破しろ（たいはしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym破壊はかいNeutralDestruction of buildings, systems or the environment, as in 「環境破壊」; a broad word centered on the act of destroying.
- Related取り壊すとりこわすNeutralTo demolish a building, as in 「ビルを取り壊す」; stresses planned, deliberate demolition.
- Related取り壊しとりこわしNeutralNoun for demolishing a building; stresses human teardown, whereas 「大破」 usually describes severe accidental damage.
- Related取り崩すとりくずすNeutralTo tear down, and also to draw on savings little by little; the savings sense is the more common of the two.
- Related壊滅かいめつNeutralComplete destruction or annihilation, as in 「壊滅的被害」; a heavier degree of damage than 「大破」.
- Related壊すこわすNeutralThe most general verb for breaking or damaging something; it says nothing about degree, while 「大破」 stresses damage beyond repair.
- Related倒すたおすNeutralTo knock or bring something down; also to defeat an opponent or overthrow a government. Focuses on toppling.
- Related打ち破るうちやぶるNeutralTo break through or defeat, as in 「強敵を打ち破る」; stresses getting the better of an opponent.
- Related損壊そんかいFormalFormal term for damage to buildings or property, as in 「器物損壊」; belongs to legal and news-report language.
- Related撃破げきはNeutralTo crush or rout enemy troops, or to beat an opponent in sport; centers on victory in combat.
- Related取り払うとりはらうNeutralTo take something away entirely, as in 「障壁を取り払う」; stresses clearing or removal.
- Related滅ぼすほろぼすNeutralTo bring something to ruin or extinction, as in 「国を滅ぼす」 or 「身を滅ぼす」; focuses on destruction.
- Related潰すつぶすNeutralA many-sided verb: to crush or flatten, but also to drive a company under or kill time.
- Related打ち壊すうちこわすNeutralTo smash or wreck by striking; also figuratively to break down old customs or systems. A strongly physical, forceful word.
- Relatedぶち壊すぶちこわすCasualColloquial and rough: to smash something up, or to spoil an atmosphere or a plan.
- Relatedすり潰すすりつぶすNeutralTo grind or mash something to pieces; also to squander a fortune or waste talent, but the grinding sense is primary.
- Related毀つこぼつWrittenA written, archaic verb for damaging or destroying something; almost never used in modern Japanese.
- Related掃滅そうめつWrittenA written word for wiping out the enemy completely; carries a military flavor.
- Related叩き壊すたたきこわすCasualColloquial: to smash something to pieces by hitting it; highlights the striking motion.
- Relatedぶっ壊すぶっこわすCasualCrude colloquial speech: to smash something to bits or ruin a plan; very strong in tone.
- Antonym無傷むきずNeutralAntonym: unhurt and undamaged — the opposite of the severe wrecking that 「大破」 describes.
Use 「大破」 for severe damage to vehicles, ships or buildings, as in 「車が大破する」. For complete destruction choose 「壊滅」, for planned demolition of a building 「取り壊す」, for breaking things in general 「壊す」; 「無傷」 is the antonym. Manner verbs: 「打ち壊す」「叩き壊す」「ぶち壊す」「ぶっ壊す」 smash by force, 「潰す」 crushes, 「倒す」 topples, 「滅ぼす」 wipes out. Nouns: 「破壊」 is broad, 「損壊」 formal, 「撃破」 and 「掃滅」 are military-flavored.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
