破壊|はかいhakai[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbdestruction; disruption
- noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verb, computing(application) crash
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 破壊する（はかいする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 破壊します（はかいします） |
| Negative (nai) | 破壊しない（はかいしない） |
| polite (masen) | 破壊しません（はかいしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 破壊せず・破壊せぬ（はかいせず・はかいせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 破壊した（はかいした） |
| polite (mashita) | 破壊しました（はかいしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 破壊しなかった（はかいしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 破壊しませんでした（はかいしませんでした） |
| Te form | 破壊して（はかいして） |
| Potential | 破壊できる（はかいできる） |
| Passive | 破壊される（はかいされる） |
| Causative | 破壊させる（はかいさせる） |
| Causative passive | 破壊させられる（はかいさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 破壊すれば（はかいすれば） |
| tara | 破壊したら（はかいしたら） |
| Volitional | 破壊しよう（はかいしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 破壊しましょう（はかいしましょう） |
| Imperative | 破壊しろ（はかいしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym壊滅かいめつNeutralBeing utterly wiped out or annihilated, as in 「壊滅的な被害」; 「破壊」 focuses on the act of destroying.
- Synonym損壊そんかいWrittenWritten/formal prose for damage to buildings and facilities, as in 「家屋の損壊」; 「破壊」 is stronger and can mean outright destruction.
- Synonym大破たいはNeutralDamage beyond repair, or a crushing defeat of an opponent; 「破壊」 stresses the act of destroying.
- Related崩壊ほうかいNeutralCollapse of buildings, structures or systems, by outside force or internal causes, as in 「地震で崩壊」「バブル崩壊」; 「破壊」 stresses the act, 「崩壊」 the result.
- Related倒壊とうかいNeutralThe collapse of houses and buildings, as in 「地震で倒壊」; 「破壊」 covers destruction generally, not just toppling.
- Related決壊けっかいNeutralThe bursting or breaching of dams and embankments, as in 「堤防の決壊」; 「破壊」 is far broader.
- Related破砕はさいWrittenWritten/formal prose for crushing rock and the like to pieces, as in 「破砕機」; 「破壊」 is broader.
- Related粉砕ふんさいNeutralSmashing something to pieces, or figuratively crushing an opponent, as in 「敵を粉砕」; 「破壊」 is broader and does not stress breaking into bits.
- Related取り壊しとりこわしNeutralThe planned demolition of houses and buildings; 「破壊」 stresses wrecking and often carries a destructive nuance.
- Related壊すこわすNeutralThe everyday verb for breaking or wrecking things; 「破壊」 leans written/formal and is used as 「破壊する」.
- Related崩れるくずれるNeutralIntransitive: to crumble, collapse or lose shape; 「破壊」 is the transitive act of destroying.
- Related壊れるこわれるNeutralIntransitive: for things to break or stop working; 「破壊」 is the transitive act of destroying.
- Related崩すくずすNeutralTransitive: to pull down, break up or throw into disorder, also to relax one's posture; 「破壊」 stresses destruction.
- Related毀損きそんWrittenWritten/formal prose for damaging property or defaming reputation, as in 「名誉毀損」; 「破壊」 stresses outright destruction of things or systems.
- Related割れるわれるNeutralIntransitive: to crack, split or shatter into pieces; 「破壊」 is the transitive act of destroying.
- Related潰すつぶすNeutralTo crush or flatten things, or to ruin a company; also used for killing time; 「破壊」 is broader.
- Related解体かいたいNeutralDismantling buildings or machines, or dissolving an organisation; 「破壊」 stresses destruction.
- Related破損はそんWrittenWritten/formal prose for breakage of equipment and facilities, often 「〜が破損する」; 「破壊」 stresses the act and can also target environments or systems.
- Relatedぶち壊すぶちこわすCasualColloquial and emphatic: to smash things up or ruin an atmosphere; 「破壊」 leans written/formal.
- Related毀つこぼつWrittenAn archaic word for destroying or damaging; rare in modern use — say 「壊す」 in everyday speech.
- Relatedぶっ壊すぶっこわすCasualColloquial with a rough, violent tone: to smash things to bits or botch them; 「破壊」 leans written/formal.
- Related叩き壊すたたきこわすCasualColloquial: to smash something to pieces by striking it hard; 「破壊」 leans written/formal.
- Relatedぶっ潰すぶっつぶすCasualColloquial with a rough tone: to smash flat or wipe out plans and companies; 「破壊」 leans written/formal.
- Related取り潰すとりつぶすNeutralTo dissolve or shut down a household, organisation or company, as in 「お家取り潰し」; 「破壊」 covers wrecking things, environments and systems.
- Antonym建設けんせつNeutralAntonym on the destroy–build axis: construction, building things up.
- Antonym構築こうちくNeutralAntonym on the destroy–build axis: erecting or building up systems and frameworks.
- Antonym修復しゅうふくNeutralAntonym on the destroy–repair axis: restoring damaged things to their original state.
- Antonym保全ほぜんWrittenAntonym on the destroy–protect axis: preservation and maintenance; written/formal prose.
Use 「破壊」 for destroying physical things, the environment or systems, as in 「環境破壊」; in everyday speech say 「壊す」. For structures collapsing use 「崩壊」, for buildings falling down 「倒壊」, for being wiped out entirely 「壊滅」, and for planned demolition 「取り壊し」. The written/formal damage words 「損壊」「破損」「毀損」 cover harm to property or reputation. Antonyms: 「建設」 and 「修復」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
