失する|しっするshissuru[4]odaka (tail-high)
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- suru verb (irregular), transitive verbto lose; to miss; to forget; to be excessive
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 失する(しっする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 失します(しっします) |
| Negative (nai) | 失しない(しっしない) |
| polite (masen) | 失しません(しっしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 失せず・失せぬ(しっせず・しっせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 失した(しっした) |
| polite (mashita) | 失しました(しっしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 失しなかった(しっしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 失しませんでした(しっしませんでした) |
| Te form | 失して(しっして) |
| Potential | 失できる(しっできる) |
| Passive | 失される(しっされる) |
| Causative | 失させる(しっさせる) |
| Causative passive | 失させられる(しっさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 失すれば(しっすれば) |
| tara | 失したら(しっしたら) |
| Volitional | 失しよう(しっしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 失しましょう(しっしましょう) |
| Imperative | 失しろ(しっしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym失ううしなうNeutralThe everyday, most common word for losing — objects, loved ones, chances. Unlike 「失する」 it also takes concrete nouns and has no 'excessive' use like 「〜に失する」.
- SynonymなくすNeutralEveryday and colloquial: to lose something or make it cease to exist. Works for objects and for things like 「自信をなくす」, but lacks the 'excessive' sense of 「失する」.
- Synonym喪失そうしつWrittenWritten word for losing abilities, rights, qualifications and the like, as in 「記憶喪失」「自信喪失」, rather than the set phrases where 「失する」 appears.
- Synonym逸するいっするWrittenWritten word for missing a chance or straying off the normal track, as in 「常軌を逸する」. It stresses missed moments and going beyond usual bounds.
- Related紛失ふんしつWrittenWritten word for losing a physical item so that it cannot be found, as in 「財布を紛失する」. Not used for abstract loss or excess.
- Related逃すのがすNeutralNeutral word for letting a chance or prey slip away, as in 「チャンスを逃す」. It stresses missing out, not the set-phrase uses of 「失する」.
- Related遺失いしつFormalFormal, chiefly legal: losing money or valuables, as in the lost-property report 「遺失物届」.
- Related忘失ぼうしつWrittenRare written word for forgetting something completely. Found almost only in formal prose, not in speech.
- Antonym得るうるWrittenWritten antonym: to obtain or gain something, the opposite of losing it with 「失する」.
- Antonym獲得するWrittenWritten antonym: to acquire something through effort, the opposite of the loss expressed by 「失する」.
「失する」 is mostly confined to set phrases: losing something one ought to have, as in 「礼を失する」「機を失する」, or the pattern 「〜に失する」 meaning 'too ~', as in 「寛大に失する」「遅きに失する」. For ordinary loss of abstract things say 「失う」, for losing objects 「無くす」, for a missed chance 「逃す」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


