始まる|はじまるhajimaru[0]heiban (flat)
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- godan verb, intransitive verbto begin; to start; to commence
- godan verb, intransitive verbto happen (again); to begin (anew)
- godan verb, intransitive verbto date (from); to originate (in)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 始まる(はじまる) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 始まります(はじまります) |
| Negative (nai) | 始まらない(はじまらない) |
| polite (masen) | 始まりません(はじまりません) |
| classical zu / nu | 始まらず・始まらぬ(はじまらず・はじまらぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 始まった(はじまった) |
| polite (mashita) | 始まりました(はじまりました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 始まらなかった(はじまらなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 始まりませんでした(はじまりませんでした) |
| Te form | 始まって(はじまって) |
| Potential | 始まれる(はじまれる) |
| Passive | 始まられる(はじまられる) |
| Causative | 始まらせる(はじまらせる) |
| Causative passive | 始まらせられる・始まらされる(はじまらせられる・はじまらされる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 始まれば(はじまれば) |
| tara | 始まったら(はじまったら) |
| Volitional | 始まろう(はじまろう) |
| polite (mashou) | 始まりましょう(はじまりましょう) |
| Imperative | 始まれ(はじまれ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
- Synonym開始かいしNeutralSino-Japanese word for the start of activities and services, as in 「受付開始」; more formal than 「始まる」.
- SynonymスタートNeutralLoanword meaning to start or kick off, common in casual speech, as in 「新生活がスタートする」.
- Related始めるはじめるNeutralTransitive: a person starts something, as in 「授業を始める」. 「始まる」 is intransitive: 「授業が始まる」.
- Related取り掛かるとりかかるNeutralTo set about a task, as in 「作業に取り掛かる」; the subject is a person.
- Related仕掛けるしかけるNeutralTo actively initiate or set something up, as in 「罠を仕掛ける」; carries intent.
- Relatedし始めるしはじめるNeutralTransitive in feel: someone begins doing something. 「始まる」 is intransitive and says the event itself starts.
- RelatedしだすNeutralSays someone starts doing something; also means to cater, i.e. make and deliver food — a sense unrelated to 「始まる」.
- RelatedやりだすCasualColloquial: to set about doing something; the subject is a person.
- RelatedおっぱじめるCasualSlang for starting something with gusto; rough in tone, as in 「さあ、おっぱじめよう」 or 「喧嘩をおっ始める」.
- Relatedやり始めるやりはじめるNeutralTo start doing something; more neutral than 「やり出す」.
- Related仕掛かるしかかるNeutralTo set about something, or to have started but not yet finished it; the subject is a person, while 「始まる」 says the event itself begins.
- Antonym終わるおわるNeutralAntonym of 「始まる」: to end or come to a close.
- Antonym終了するWrittenAntonym of 「始まる」: to end formally; common in broadcasts and competitions.
Use 「始まる」 by default for events that begin; use 「始める」 when a person starts doing something. 「開始」 suits formal contexts, 「取り掛かる」 getting down to a task, and 「スタート」 a casual kick-off.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


