常習|じょうしゅうjoushuu[0]heiban (flat)
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- suru verb, transitive verb, no-adjectivecustom; common practice; habit
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 常習する(じょうしゅうする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 常習します(じょうしゅうします) |
| Negative (nai) | 常習しない(じょうしゅうしない) |
| polite (masen) | 常習しません(じょうしゅうしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 常習せず・常習せぬ(じょうしゅうせず・じょうしゅうせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 常習した(じょうしゅうした) |
| polite (mashita) | 常習しました(じょうしゅうしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 常習しなかった(じょうしゅうしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 常習しませんでした(じょうしゅうしませんでした) |
| Te form | 常習して(じょうしゅうして) |
| Potential | 常習できる(じょうしゅうできる) |
| Passive | 常習される(じょうしゅうされる) |
| Causative | 常習させる(じょうしゅうさせる) |
| Causative passive | 常習させられる(じょうしゅうさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 常習すれば(じょうしゅうすれば) |
| tara | 常習したら(じょうしゅうしたら) |
| Volitional | 常習しよう(じょうしゅうしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 常習しましょう(じょうしゅうしましょう) |
| Imperative | 常習しろ(じょうしゅうしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym習慣しゅうかんNeutralNeutral word for habits and customs of any kind. 「常習」 is narrower: a bad habit done over and over, as in 「常習犯」.
- SynonymパターンNeutralLoanword for a fixed pattern or routine; it carries no judgement of good or bad, unlike the negative 「常習」.
- Synonym習いならいNeutralHabit or the natural way of things, as in 「世の習い」; it points to what is common in the world, not repeated bad behaviour.
- Synonym習癖しゅうへきWrittenWritten/formal word for a habit, usually a bad one; it does not stress repeated offences the way 「常習」 does.
- Related御定まりおさだまりNeutralThe same old routine, said with a mocking tone; it stresses sameness rather than repeated wrongdoing.
- AntonymひとときNeutralA moment or short while, also a past period. Not a strict antonym; it contrasts with 「常習」 only in how long something lasts.
- Antonym偶発ぐうはつNeutralHappening by chance or accident; the true opposite of 「常習」, which describes what has become routine.
Use 「常習」 for a bad habit repeated over and over, as in 「常習犯」 or 「遅刻の常習者」. For habits in general say 「習慣」, for fixed routines 「パターン」, for bad habits in formal prose 「習癖」, and for one-off chance events 「偶発」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


