戸惑い|とまどいtomadoi[0]heiban (flat)

Common
Definitions
  1. noun, suru verbbeing at sea; losing one's bearings; confusion; wonderment
  2. noun, suru verbdisorientation upon waking at night
  3. noun, suru verbforgetting which house or room to enter
Conjugation
Dictionary form戸惑いする(とまどいする)
Polite (masu)戸惑いします(とまどいします)
Negative (nai)戸惑いしない(とまどいしない)
polite (masen)戸惑いしません(とまどいしません)
classical zu / nu戸惑いせず・戸惑いせぬ(とまどいせず・とまどいせぬ)
Past (ta)戸惑いした(とまどいした)
polite (mashita)戸惑いしました(とまどいしました)
Past negative (nakatta)戸惑いしなかった(とまどいしなかった)
polite (masen deshita)戸惑いしませんでした(とまどいしませんでした)
Te form戸惑いして(とまどいして)
Potential戸惑いできる(とまどいできる)
Passive戸惑いされる(とまどいされる)
Causative戸惑いさせる(とまどいさせる)
Causative passive戸惑いさせられる(とまどいさせられる)
Conditional (ba)戸惑いすれば(とまどいすれば)
tara戸惑いしたら(とまどいしたら)
Volitional戸惑いしよう(とまどいしよう)
polite (mashou)戸惑いしましょう(とまどいしましょう)
Imperative戸惑いしろ(とまどいしろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Related困惑こんわくNeutralBeing troubled and unsure what to do; at home in both speech and writing. 「戸惑い」 stresses momentary bewilderment at an unfamiliar situation.
  • Related当惑とうわくWrittenWritten/formal prose: being at a loss or flustered when facing something. 「戸惑い」 is more colloquial, leaning toward confusion and slow to adjust.
  • Antonym確信かくしんNeutralFirm conviction, believing without a doubt — the opposite of the lost, uncertain feeling of 「戸惑い」.
  • Antonym理解りかいNeutralUnderstanding and grasping something — the opposite of 「戸惑い」, where you cannot make out what is going on.

For momentary bewilderment at an unfamiliar situation, use 「戸惑い」, as in 「戸惑いを隠せない」. Use 「困惑」 when troubled over what to do, 「当惑」 in written prose; the opposites are 「確信」 and 「理解」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 夜中よなかに寝惚ねとぼけて迷まようこと。
  2. 方向ほうこうや方法ほうほう、対処たいしょなどが分わからずにまごつくこと。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

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