損害|そんがいsongai[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N3approx.Common
Definitions
  1. noun, suru verb, transitive verbdamage; injury; loss
    The storm brought heavy losses.
Conjugation
Dictionary form損害する(そんがいする)
Polite (masu)損害します(そんがいします)
Negative (nai)損害しない(そんがいしない)
polite (masen)損害しません(そんがいしません)
classical zu / nu損害せず・損害せぬ(そんがいせず・そんがいせぬ)
Past (ta)損害した(そんがいした)
polite (mashita)損害しました(そんがいしました)
Past negative (nakatta)損害しなかった(そんがいしなかった)
polite (masen deshita)損害しませんでした(そんがいしませんでした)
Te form損害して(そんがいして)
Potential損害できる(そんがいできる)
Passive損害される(そんがいされる)
Causative損害させる(そんがいさせる)
Causative passive損害させられる(そんがいさせられる)
Conditional (ba)損害すれば(そんがいすれば)
tara損害したら(そんがいしたら)
Volitional損害しよう(そんがいしよう)
polite (mashou)損害しましょう(そんがいしましょう)
Imperative損害しろ(そんがいしろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym毀損きそんWrittenWritten/formal prose: damaging objects or harming reputation, often in legal contexts, as in 「名誉毀損」.
  • Synonym損傷そんしょうNeutralDamage to an object or injury, focusing on harm to a specific part, as in 「機体の損傷」.
  • Synonym破損はそんNeutralSomething breaking; stresses breakage, as in 「データの破損」, and is not used for economic loss.
  • SynonymダメージNeutralLoanword for damage or a blow, including emotional hurt; colloquial, as in 「ダメージを受ける」.
  • Synonym損じるそんじるWrittenVerb meaning to hurt or spoil something; rather formal, as in 「機嫌を損じる」.
  • Synonym害するがいするNeutralVerb for harming health, feelings, interests, reputation and the like, as in 「健康を害する」「利益を害する」.
  • Related損壊そんかいWrittenWritten/formal prose: buildings or objects being destroyed, as in 「家屋の損壊」「器物損壊」.
  • Related打撃だげきNeutralA blow; also a figurative shock to finances or morale, as in 「大打撃」.
  • Related弊害へいがいNeutralHarmful effects or drawbacks something brings, stressing side effects, as in 「弊害が生じる」.
  • Related害がいNeutralA broad word for harm, as in 「健康に害がある」; 「損害」 focuses on losses already incurred.
  • Related危害きがいNeutralHarm to life or safety, as in 「危害を加える」; carries a sense of danger.
  • Related害悪がいあくWrittenWritten/formal prose: a harmful, evil influence, as in 「社会の害悪」.
  • Antonym利益りえきNeutralProfit or benefit; the opposite of 「損害」 in gain-and-loss terms, as in 「利益を上げる」.
  • Antonym利得りとくWrittenWritten/formal prose for gain or profit, opposite of 「損害」; everyday speech prefers 「利益」.

Use 「損害」 for damage or loss suffered, as in 「損害賠償」. For a damaged object use 「損傷」 or 「破損」; for a blow or shock use 「ダメージ」 or 「打撃」; for harmful side effects use 「弊害」. The opposite is 「利益」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 損そこなうこと。
  2. 失うしなわれた利益りえき。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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