損害|そんがいsongai[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, transitive verbdamage; injury; loss
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 損害する(そんがいする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 損害します(そんがいします) |
| Negative (nai) | 損害しない(そんがいしない) |
| polite (masen) | 損害しません(そんがいしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 損害せず・損害せぬ(そんがいせず・そんがいせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 損害した(そんがいした) |
| polite (mashita) | 損害しました(そんがいしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 損害しなかった(そんがいしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 損害しませんでした(そんがいしませんでした) |
| Te form | 損害して(そんがいして) |
| Potential | 損害できる(そんがいできる) |
| Passive | 損害される(そんがいされる) |
| Causative | 損害させる(そんがいさせる) |
| Causative passive | 損害させられる(そんがいさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 損害すれば(そんがいすれば) |
| tara | 損害したら(そんがいしたら) |
| Volitional | 損害しよう(そんがいしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 損害しましょう(そんがいしましょう) |
| Imperative | 損害しろ(そんがいしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym毀損きそんWrittenWritten/formal prose: damaging objects or harming reputation, often in legal contexts, as in 「名誉毀損」.
- Synonym損傷そんしょうNeutralDamage to an object or injury, focusing on harm to a specific part, as in 「機体の損傷」.
- Synonym破損はそんNeutralSomething breaking; stresses breakage, as in 「データの破損」, and is not used for economic loss.
- SynonymダメージNeutralLoanword for damage or a blow, including emotional hurt; colloquial, as in 「ダメージを受ける」.
- Synonym損じるそんじるWrittenVerb meaning to hurt or spoil something; rather formal, as in 「機嫌を損じる」.
- Synonym害するがいするNeutralVerb for harming health, feelings, interests, reputation and the like, as in 「健康を害する」「利益を害する」.
- Related損壊そんかいWrittenWritten/formal prose: buildings or objects being destroyed, as in 「家屋の損壊」「器物損壊」.
- Related打撃だげきNeutralA blow; also a figurative shock to finances or morale, as in 「大打撃」.
- Related弊害へいがいNeutralHarmful effects or drawbacks something brings, stressing side effects, as in 「弊害が生じる」.
- Related害がいNeutralA broad word for harm, as in 「健康に害がある」; 「損害」 focuses on losses already incurred.
- Related危害きがいNeutralHarm to life or safety, as in 「危害を加える」; carries a sense of danger.
- Related害悪がいあくWrittenWritten/formal prose: a harmful, evil influence, as in 「社会の害悪」.
- Antonym利益りえきNeutralProfit or benefit; the opposite of 「損害」 in gain-and-loss terms, as in 「利益を上げる」.
- Antonym利得りとくWrittenWritten/formal prose for gain or profit, opposite of 「損害」; everyday speech prefers 「利益」.
Use 「損害」 for damage or loss suffered, as in 「損害賠償」. For a damaged object use 「損傷」 or 「破損」; for a blow or shock use 「ダメージ」 or 「打撃」; for harmful side effects use 「弊害」. The opposite is 「利益」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


