害悪|がいあくgaiaku[1]atamadaka (head-high)

1. nounharm; injury; evil (influence)

• Synonym害がいNeutralEveryday word for a harmful influence, as in 「健康に害がある」; shorter than 「害悪」.
• Synonym危害きがいWrittenWritten; stresses danger to life and safety, as in 「危害を加える」; more concrete than 「害悪」.
• Synonym弊害へいがいWrittenWritten; harmful side effects of a system or practice, as in 「弊害が生じる」.
• Synonym禍害かがいWrittenWritten and rare, seen almost only in prose; stresses calamity and harm, and is more archaic than 「害悪」.
• RelatedダメージCasualColloquial loanword for damage done to body, mind, or things; more everyday than 「害悪」.
• Related災いわざわいNeutralA calamity or misfortune that befalls you, as in 「口は災いの元」; unlike 「害悪」, it is not a bad influence.
• Related損害そんがいNeutralConcrete loss of money, interests, or mental well-being, as in 「損害賠償」; more concrete and practical than 「害悪」.
• Related傷害しょうがいWrittenWritten; injuring a person's body, often in legal contexts like 「傷害罪」; quite different from 「害悪」.
• Related損傷そんしょうWrittenWritten; damage to objects or body tissue, as in 「脳の損傷」; more concrete than 「害悪」.
• Related損壊そんかいWrittenWritten; destruction of buildings and objects, as in 「建物の損壊」; physical damage rather than influence.
• Related惨禍さんかWrittenWritten; a horrific calamity from war or disaster — a blow that strikes, while 「害悪」 is a harmful influence.
• Related毀損きそんWrittenWritten; damaging objects or ruining reputation, as in 「名誉毀損」; often a legal term.
• Related禍まがWrittenSame word as 「災い」; in written prose usually rendered 「禍」. It is a calamity that strikes, not a bad influence like 「害悪」.
• Related厄難やくなんWrittenWritten and rare; stresses ill luck and calamity with a fated feel, so its focus differs from 「害悪」.
• Related害毒がいどくWrittenWritten; something that poisons mind, body, or public morals; carries a stronger poison nuance than 「害悪」.
• Related毀傷きしょうWrittenWritten and rare; damaging or injuring the body or objects; its focus differs from 「害悪」.
• Antonym利益りえきNeutralAntonym: profit, gain, or benefit — something that does good, the opposite of 「害悪」's harmful influence.
• Antonym便益べんえきWrittenWritten antonym: convenience and benefit; brings ease and good, the opposite of 「害悪」.

Use 「害悪」 for a harmful influence on society or others, as in 「社会に害悪を流す」. In everyday speech say 「害」; for concrete losses use 「損害」; for side effects of a system or practice use 「弊害」. Words like 「災い」「惨禍」「厄難」 are calamities that strike, not influences, and 「傷害」「損壊」「毀損」 etc. name specific physical or legal damage; 「利益」「便益」 are its antonyms.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 害がいになる悪わるいこと。