散らばる|ちらばるchirabaru[0]heiban (flat)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
Definitions
- godan verb, intransitive verbto be scattered about; to disperse; to be littered (with)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 散らばる（ちらばる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 散らばります（ちらばります） |
| Negative (nai) | 散らばらない（ちらばらない） |
| polite (masen) | 散らばりません（ちらばりません） |
| classical zu / nu | 散らばらず・散らばらぬ（ちらばらず・ちらばらぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 散らばった（ちらばった） |
| polite (mashita) | 散らばりました（ちらばりました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 散らばらなかった（ちらばらなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 散らばりませんでした（ちらばりませんでした） |
| Te form | 散らばって（ちらばって） |
| Potential | 散らばれる（ちらばれる） |
| Passive | 散らばられる（ちらばられる） |
| Causative | 散らばらせる（ちらばらせる） |
| Causative passive | 散らばらせられる・散らばらされる（ちらばらせられる・ちらばらされる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 散らばれば（ちらばれば） |
| tara | 散らばったら（ちらばったら） |
| Volitional | 散らばろう（ちらばろう） |
| polite (mashou) | 散らばりましょう（ちらばりましょう） |
| Imperative | 散らばれ（ちらばれ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym散乱さんらんWrittenWritten, Sino-Japanese word for things lying scattered in disorder, as in 「部屋に物が散乱する」; stresses messiness and lack of order.
- Synonym散るちるNeutralFor blossoms and leaves falling and scattering, or crowds dispersing; 「全国各地に散る」 is also possible. The headword stresses the resulting state of being spread out.
- Synonym分散ぶんさんNeutralSino-Japanese word for dividing and dispersing, whether deliberate or natural, as in 「リスク分散」「票が分散する」. The headword is a native verb focused on things lying scattered.
- Synonym四散しさんWrittenWritten word for scattering in all directions, as in 「破片が四散」; it highlights the outward burst, while the headword describes the state of lying scattered about.
- Synonym散開さんかいNeutralFor people or troops spreading out and opening up formation; leans military, unlike the headword's everyday sense of things lying scattered about.
- Antonym集まるあつまるNeutralAntonym: to gather or come together in one place, the opposite of things lying scattered all around.
- Antonym集中するNeutralAntonym: to concentrate or be focused in one place, the opposite of being spread out in many places.
Use 「散らばる」 for things or people lying scattered in various places, as in 「ゴミが散らばる」「全国に散らばる」. For a messy, disordered state say 「散乱」; for blossoms falling or crowds dispersing, 「散る」; for divided distribution, 「分散」. The antonym is 「集まる」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
