散乱|さんらんsanran[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, prenominal modifier, suru verb, intransitive verbdispersion; scattering; spreading out; diffusion
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 散乱する（さんらんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 散乱します（さんらんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 散乱しない（さんらんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 散乱しません（さんらんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 散乱せず・散乱せぬ（さんらんせず・さんらんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 散乱した（さんらんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 散乱しました（さんらんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 散乱しなかった（さんらんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 散乱しませんでした（さんらんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 散乱して（さんらんして） |
| Potential | 散乱できる（さんらんできる） |
| Passive | 散乱される（さんらんされる） |
| Causative | 散乱させる（さんらんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 散乱させられる（さんらんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 散乱すれば（さんらんすれば） |
| tara | 散乱したら（さんらんしたら） |
| Volitional | 散乱しよう（さんらんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 散乱しましょう（さんらんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 散乱しろ（さんらんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym拡散かくさんWrittenWritten/formal term for diffusion or spreading, also for information spreading online, as in 「SNSで拡散」; 「散乱」 stresses things lying about in disorder.
- Synonym分散ぶんさんNeutralMeans dispersing or splitting up, as in 「リスク分散」; neutral, with no nuance of messiness.
- Synonym離散りさんWrittenWritten/formal: family members being scattered apart, as in 「一家離散」; carries a tragic connotation.
- Synonym散らばるちらばるNeutralColloquial verb for things lying scattered around, as in 「床に散らばる」; very close to 「散乱」.
- Synonym四散しさんWrittenWritten/formal: scattering in all directions, as in 「群衆が四散」; 「散乱」 centers on things lying messily scattered.
- Synonym散り散りちりぢりNeutralDescribes people breaking up and going separate ways, as in 「家族が散り散りになる」; carries a sense of separation.
- Synonym散開さんかいWrittenWritten/formal: troops spreading out or dispersing; mainly military use.
- Related散布さんぷWrittenWritten/formal: sprinkling or spraying something, as in 「農薬散布」; emphasizes actively scattering it.
- Related散るちるNeutralFor blossoms or leaves falling and scattering, also dreams collapsing, as in 「桜が散る」; 「散乱」 stresses the messy state after things scatter.
- Related離れ離れはなればなれNeutralColloquial: being separated or apart, as in 「離れ離れになる」.
- Relatedバラ付きばらつきNeutralRefers to unevenness or variation, as in 「品質のばらつき」.
- Related散じるさんじるWrittenWritten/formal: crowds dispersing and leaving, or distracting the mind as in 「気を散じる」; 「散乱」 is about things lying messily scattered.
- Related散ずるさんずるWrittenLiterary form of 「散じる」; also to squander money or fortune.
- Antonym整頓せいとんNeutralAntonym: tidying things into order, the opposite of the messiness of 「散乱」.
- Antonym整理せいりNeutralAntonym: sorting and putting things in order, opposed to 「散乱」.
Use 「散乱」 for things lying scattered messily, as in 「書類が散乱する」; it also covers physical scattering of light. In speech, 「散らばる」 is more natural; for diffusion or spreading use 「拡散」, and for tidying up use 「整頓」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
