棄権|きけんkiken[0]heiban (flat)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbabstention (from voting); renunciation (of a right); withdrawal (from a contest)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 棄権する(きけんする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 棄権します(きけんします) |
| Negative (nai) | 棄権しない(きけんしない) |
| polite (masen) | 棄権しません(きけんしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 棄権せず・棄権せぬ(きけんせず・きけんせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 棄権した(きけんした) |
| polite (mashita) | 棄権しました(きけんしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 棄権しなかった(きけんしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 棄権しませんでした(きけんしませんでした) |
| Te form | 棄権して(きけんして) |
| Potential | 棄権できる(きけんできる) |
| Passive | 棄権される(きけんされる) |
| Causative | 棄権させる(きけんさせる) |
| Causative passive | 棄権させられる(きけんさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 棄権すれば(きけんすれば) |
| tara | 棄権したら(きけんしたら) |
| Volitional | 棄権しよう(きけんしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 棄権しましょう(きけんしましょう) |
| Imperative | 棄権しろ(きけんしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- SynonymリタイアNeutralA loanword for retiring from a race or from work, as in 「レースをリタイア」; mostly means dropping out of a competition partway.
- Related断念だんねんWrittenA noun for giving up hopes or plans, with a nuance of resigning oneself; written/formal prose. 「棄権」 is for not exercising rights like voting, deciding, or competing.
- Related諦めるあきらめるNeutralA verb meaning to give up or resign oneself; common in daily speech and broad in range, while 「棄権」 is limited to voting, contests, and the like.
- Related降りるおりるNeutralA verb for stepping back or letting go, as in 「勝負から降りる」; more colloquial, whereas 「棄権」 is the formal term.
- Antonym参加さんかNeutralA noun for taking part or joining; the opposite of 「棄権」 when it means withdrawing from a contest.
- Antonym投票とうひょうNeutralA noun for voting or casting a ballot; the opposite of 「棄権」 in the sense of abstaining from a vote.
Use 「棄権」 for not exercising a chance to vote or compete, as in 「投票を棄権」 or 「試合を棄権」. For giving up plans, use 「断念」 or 「諦める」; for quitting a race midway, 「リタイア」. The opposites are 「参加」 and 「投票」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


