断念|だんねんdannen[3]nakadaka (mid-high)
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- noun, suru verb, transitive verbabandoning (hope, plans); giving up
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 断念する(だんねんする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 断念します(だんねんします) |
| Negative (nai) | 断念しない(だんねんしない) |
| polite (masen) | 断念しません(だんねんしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 断念せず・断念せぬ(だんねんせず・だんねんせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 断念した(だんねんした) |
| polite (mashita) | 断念しました(だんねんしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 断念しなかった(だんねんしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 断念しませんでした(だんねんしませんでした) |
| Te form | 断念して(だんねんして) |
| Potential | 断念できる(だんねんできる) |
| Passive | 断念される(だんねんされる) |
| Causative | 断念させる(だんねんさせる) |
| Causative passive | 断念させられる(だんねんさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 断念すれば(だんねんすれば) |
| tara | 断念したら(だんねんしたら) |
| Volitional | 断念しよう(だんねんしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 断念しましょう(だんねんしましょう) |
| Imperative | 断念しろ(だんねんしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym放棄ほうきWrittenWritten/formal prose: renouncing rights or qualifications one holds. 「断念」 centers on abandoning hopes and plans.
- Synonym諦めるあきらめるNeutralA neutral verb meaning to give up or resign oneself, and the most common everyday word; 「断念」 is a written-style noun.
- SynonymギブアップCasualColloquial loanword for giving up midway or conceding defeat; 「断念」 sounds more formal.
- Synonym見切りみきりNeutralDeciding something is hopeless and dropping it, as in 「見切りをつける」; also a clearance sale. 「断念」 leans toward plans.
- Synonym諦めあきらめNeutralThe feeling of resignation or acceptance; 「断念」 is the formal act of giving up a plan.
- Related棄権きけんWrittenWritten/formal prose: waiving the right to vote or withdrawing from a contest; 「断念」 means dropping a plan.
- Related降参こうさんCasualColloquial: surrendering or giving in, also being stumped by a problem; 「断念」 is simply giving up.
- Related絶念ぜつねんWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare: cutting off hope altogether. In everyday speech use 「断念」.
- Antonym執着しゅうちゃくWrittenWritten/formal prose: clinging to something and unable to let go — the opposite of 「断念」.
- Antonym固執こしつWrittenWritten/formal prose: stubbornly sticking to one's opinions — the opposite of 「断念」.
Use 「断念」 for formally giving up a plan or hope, as in 「出場を断念」. For everyday resignation say 「諦める」; for rights, 「放棄」; for voting or a contest, 「棄権」; for conceding, 「降参」 or 「ギブアップ」. The opposite is 「執着」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


