無限|むげんmugen[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N2approx.Common
Definitions
  1. nouninfinity; infinitude; eternity
  2. no-adjective, na-adjectiveinfinite; limitless
    石油せきゆの供給きょうきゅうは無限むげんではない。↗
    Supplies of oil are not infinite.
Conjugation
Plain form無限(むげん)
Polite (desu)無限です(むげんです)
Negative (dewa nai)無限ではない(むげんではない)
polite (dewa arimasen)無限ではありません(むげんではありません)
Past (datta)無限だった(むげんだった)
Past negative (dewa nakatta)無限ではなかった(むげんではなかった)
Te form (de)無限で(むげんで)
Adverbial (ni)無限に(むげんに)
Conditional (nara)無限なら(むげんなら)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym限りないかぎりないNeutralBoundless and endless, often modifying feelings or possibilities, as in 「限りない愛」; 「無限」 is more objective and also used in mathematics.
  • Synonym果てしないはてしないNeutralSuggests no end in sight, stressing vast space or a long-drawn process; 「無限」 stresses the absence of limits.
  • Synonym無尽蔵むじんぞうWrittenWritten/formal: an inexhaustible supply of something, as in 「無尽蔵の資源」; 「無限」 focuses on the absence of limits.
  • SynonymエンドレスNeutralA loanword for something endless or repeating in cycles, as in 「エンドレスループ」; 「無限」 is more formal.
  • Synonym計り知れないはかりしれないNeutralUnfathomable and beyond estimating, as in 「計り知れない損害」; 「無限」 states that there are no limits.
  • Synonym無制限むせいげんNeutralUnrestricted, as in 「無制限に使える」; 「無限」 stresses having no end.
  • Synonym果てしがないはてしがないNeutralSame meaning as 「果てしない」 but with slightly stronger emphasis; 「無限」 is more objective.
  • SynonymきりのないNeutralGoes on and on with no end, often with a tinge of annoyance, as in 「切りのない話」; 「無限」 is more neutral.
  • Synonym無窮むきゅうWrittenWritten/formal word for infinity and eternity with a solemn ring; 「無限」 is the more everyday choice.
  • Synonym尽きないつきないNeutralNever runs dry, said mostly of topics or charm, as in 「話が尽きない」; 「無限」 is not restricted in what it describes.
  • Related永遠えいえんWrittenSame word as the 「永久(とわ)」 above; written 「永遠」, it appears mostly in song lyrics and poetry; 「無限」 centers on having no limits.
  • Related永久えいきゅうWrittenRead とわ, it means eternity with a lyrical, literary feel; 「無限」 centers on the absence of limits.
  • Related悠久ゆうきゅうWrittenLong and distant in time, used mostly of history; 「無限」 stresses the lack of boundaries.
  • Related広大無辺こうだいむへんWrittenA four-character phrase for boundless vastness, used of the universe or the Buddha's grace; 「無限」 has wider uses.
  • Related無辺際むへんさいWrittenWritten/formal, boundless without edge and carrying a Buddhist flavor; in ordinary use say 「無限」.
  • RelatedとこしえWrittenAn archaic word for eternity with the color of classical waka poetry; 「無限」 is the more objective choice.
  • Related無極むきょくWrittenWritten/formal term for the limitless with Daoist philosophical overtones; in daily speech say 「無限」.
  • Related無限大むげんだいNeutralInfinity in mathematics, as with the symbol ∞, or, loosely, something extremely large; 「無限」 is the broader term.
  • Related常しなえとこしなえWrittenAn archaic word for eternity, synonymous with 「常しえ」, with a literary feel; 「無限」 is the more objective choice.
  • Antonym有限ゆうげんNeutralAntonym: bounded and with an end, opposite to 「無限」 in whether limits exist, as in 「有限な資源」.

Use 「無限」 when quantity, space, or possibility has no end, as in 「無限の可能性」. For endless feelings pick 「限りない」; for a road or process with no end in sight, 「果てしない」; for inexhaustible resources, 「無尽蔵」. 「無限大」 covers mathematical infinity, 「無制限」 lack of restrictions, and 「有限」 is the antonym for the finite. The rest are mostly written or literary — 「無窮」, 「広大無辺」, 「永久(とわ)」, 「悠久」 and the like — so 「無限」 remains the everyday default.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 限かぎりが無ないこと。終おわりが無ないこと。数量すうりょうや程度ていどなどで、制限せいげんが無ないこと。
  2. 料理りょうりや食品しょくひんなどで、際限さいげんなく食たべたくなるほどおいしいこと。やみつきになること。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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