発育|はついくhatsuiku[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, intransitive verb(physical) growth; development
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 発育する(はついくする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 発育します(はついくします) |
| Negative (nai) | 発育しない(はついくしない) |
| polite (masen) | 発育しません(はついくしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 発育せず・発育せぬ(はついくせず・はついくせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 発育した(はついくした) |
| polite (mashita) | 発育しました(はついくしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 発育しなかった(はついくしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 発育しませんでした(はついくしませんでした) |
| Te form | 発育して(はついくして) |
| Potential | 発育できる(はついくできる) |
| Passive | 発育される(はついくされる) |
| Causative | 発育させる(はついくさせる) |
| Causative passive | 発育させられる(はついくさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 発育すれば(はついくすれば) |
| tara | 発育したら(はついくしたら) |
| Volitional | 発育しよう(はついくしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 発育しましょう(はついくしましょう) |
| Imperative | 発育しろ(はついくしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym成長せいちょうNeutralBroader than 「発育」: covers growing up and even economic or company growth, as in 「子供の成長」「経済成長」. 「発育」 is only physical growth of living things.
- Synonym発達はったつNeutralLeans toward the development of functions and capabilities, as in 「筋肉の発達」「交通の発達」, rather than overall physical growth.
- Synonym生育せいいくWrittenWritten/formal prose; covers growth and reproduction, mainly of plants, as in 「植物の生育」.
- Synonym生長せいちょうWrittenWritten/formal prose; the growth of plants. A homophone of 「成長」.
- Synonym成育せいいくWrittenWritten/formal prose; the growth of people or animals, as in 「子どもの成育」. Less common than 「発育」.
- Synonym育ちそだちNeutralAs a noun, points to upbringing and where one grew up, as in 「育ちがいい」; 「発育」 is about physical growth.
- Synonym育つそだつNeutralAn everyday intransitive verb for growing or being raised; common in speech. 「発育」 sounds more medical or statistical.
- Related成熟せいじゅくNeutralLeans toward reaching a mature or finished stage, as in 「果実が成熟する」, rather than the growth process itself.
- Related長じるちょうじるWrittenWritten/formal prose; to grow up, or in the pattern 「~に長じる」, to excel at something. Rare in modern usage.
- Related長ずるちょうずるWrittenWritten/formal prose; the ずる form of 「長じる」. Means to grow up or excel, as in 「長ずるに及んで」「弁舌に長ずる」.
- Antonym萎縮いしゅくWrittenWritten/formal prose; withering or atrophy — the opposite of the growth that 「発育」 describes.
- Antonym退行たいこうWrittenWritten/formal prose; regression or retrogression — the reverse of 「発育」.
For physical growth of living things use 「発育」, as in 「発育がいい」. General growth is 「成長」 or the everyday verb 「育つ」; development of functions is 「発達」. 「生育」「生長」 are formal and mostly for plants, 「成育」 for people and animals. The opposites are 「萎縮」 and 「退行」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


