正常|せいじょうseijou[0]heiban (flat)

1. na-adjective, nounnormal; regular
   赤ん坊あかんぼうは正常せいじょうな発育はついくを示しめした。↗

   The baby showed a normal development.

• Synonym自然しぜんNeutralFor natural, unaffected states, as in 「自然な表情」. It stresses something being unforced or not artificial, while 「正常」 stresses that a state has no abnormality.
• Synonym当たり前あたりまえNeutralColloquial for something that goes without saying, as in 「当たり前だ」. It is about what common sense expects, not about a state being free of abnormality.
• Synonym尋常じんじょうWrittenWritten/formal prose word for ordinary; often negated as 「尋常ではない」 to say something is extraordinary. 「正常」 focuses on a state having no abnormality.
• Synonym正気しょうきNeutralRefers to being sane or in one's right mind, as in 「正気に戻る」. It is about one's mental state, while 「正常」 is about a state having no abnormality.
• SynonymノーマルNeutralLoanword for ordinary or standard, usable for both people's condition and objects, as in 「ノーマルタイヤ」. 「正常」 stresses that a state has no abnormality.
• RelatedスタンダードNeutralLoanword for standard or the regular model, as in 「スタンダードモデル」. It leans toward specifications, not whether a state is free of abnormality.
• Antonym異常いじょうNeutralAntonym meaning abnormal, as in 「異常気象」. It is the direct opposite of 「正常」.
• Antonym変調へんちょうNeutralAntonym for a disturbance in the condition of the body or a machine, as in 「体調の変調」. It is the opposite of 「正常」.

Use 「正常」 for a state with no abnormality or for running properly, as in 「正常に作動する」 and 「正常値」. Say something is to be expected with 「当たり前」, sanity with 「正気」, and use 「異常」 as its opposite.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 特とくに変かわったところがなく正ただしい状態じょうたいであること。