障る|さわるsawaru[0]heiban (flat)
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- godan verb, intransitive verbto be harmful to; to hinder; to interfere with; to irritate
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 障る(さわる) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 障ります(さわります) |
| Negative (nai) | 障らない(さわらない) |
| polite (masen) | 障りません(さわりません) |
| classical zu / nu | 障らず・障らぬ(さわらず・さわらぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 障った(さわった) |
| polite (mashita) | 障りました(さわりました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 障らなかった(さわらなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 障りませんでした(さわりませんでした) |
| Te form | 障って(さわって) |
| Potential | 障れる(さわれる) |
| Passive | 障られる(さわられる) |
| Causative | 障らせる(さわらせる) |
| Causative passive | 障らせられる・障らされる(さわらせられる・さわらされる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 障れば(さわれば) |
| tara | 障ったら(さわったら) |
| Volitional | 障ろう(さわろう) |
| polite (mashou) | 障りましょう(さわりましょう) |
| Imperative | 障れ(さわれ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym阻むはばむNeutralTo block or stop someone; the object can be a path, plan, or situation, as in 「行く手を阻む」. 「障る」 focuses on harm to the body or feelings.
- Synonym差し支えるさしつかえるNeutralTo hinder or cause inconvenience (「仕事に差し支える」), mostly about effects on one's affairs or business.
- Synonym妨げるさまたげるNeutralTo hinder (「睡眠を妨げる」); leans toward written prose and covers a broad range.
- Synonym邪魔じゃまNeutralNoun for being in the way (「邪魔になる」); the most common colloquial choice.
- Synonym差し障るさしさわるNeutralTo be a hindrance (「健康に差し障る」); close to 「障る」 but more formal.
- Related阻害そがいNeutralNoun for obstruction (「発展を阻害する」), typically with abstract development or growth.
- Related阻止そしNeutralNoun for prevention (「侵入を阻止する」); stresses keeping something from happening.
- Related妨害ぼうがいNeutralNoun for obstructing what others do, as in 「業務妨害」「睡眠妨害」; 「障る」 is about bad effects on the body or feelings.
- Related封じるふうじるNeutralTo seal or shut down (「動きを封じる」); stresses suppressing movement or action.
- Related遮断しゃだんNeutralNoun for cutting off traffic, electricity, or communications, as in 「通行を遮断する」; 「障る」 means to be harmful or a hindrance.
- Related遮るさえぎるNeutralTo block or shut out (「視界を遮る」); stresses standing in between and blocking the view.
- Related封鎖ふうさNeutralNoun for blockade (「道路封鎖」); stresses stopping passage or traffic.
- Related立ちふさがるたちふさがるNeutralTo stand in the way (「敵が立ちふさがる」); stresses a person or obstacle physically blocking the path.
- Related邪魔立てじゃまだてCasualNoun for deliberate interference (「邪魔立てするな」); colloquial.
- Relatedお邪魔おじゃまNeutralNoun for disturbing someone (「お邪魔します」), mostly used as a polite greeting.
- Antonym効くきくNeutralTo work or take effect (「薬が効く」); the opposite of harmful 「障る」.
- Antonym益するえきするNeutralTo benefit (「社会を益する」); the opposite of 「障る」.
Use 「障る」 for harm to the body, feelings, or affairs, as in 「体に障る」「気に障る」「癇に障る」. For inconvenience to business or plans, say 「差し支える」; for hindrance in general, 「妨げる」; in everyday speech, 「邪魔」. The opposite of 「障る」 is 「益する」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


