妨害・妨碍・妨礙|ぼうがいbougai[0]heiban (flat)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
Which spelling to use
妨害妨害 is the most common form and the recommended choice for learners. It is written entirely in kanji.
妨碍妨碍 is a rarely used kanji-only variant of 妨害, so learners will encounter it infrequently and generally should choose 妨害 instead.
妨礙妨礙 is another rarely used kanji-only variant of 妨害. It occurs less often than 妨害, so use 妨害 when choosing a form.
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbobstruction; hindrance; blocking; disturbance; interference; interruption; sabotage; jamming (a signal)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 妨害する（ぼうがいする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 妨害します（ぼうがいします） |
| Negative (nai) | 妨害しない（ぼうがいしない） |
| polite (masen) | 妨害しません（ぼうがいしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 妨害せず・妨害せぬ（ぼうがいせず・ぼうがいせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 妨害した（ぼうがいした） |
| polite (mashita) | 妨害しました（ぼうがいしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 妨害しなかった（ぼうがいしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 妨害しませんでした（ぼうがいしませんでした） |
| Te form | 妨害して（ぼうがいして） |
| Potential | 妨害できる（ぼうがいできる） |
| Passive | 妨害される（ぼうがいされる） |
| Causative | 妨害させる（ぼうがいさせる） |
| Causative passive | 妨害させられる（ぼうがいさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 妨害すれば（ぼうがいすれば） |
| tara | 妨害したら（ぼうがいしたら） |
| Volitional | 妨害しよう（ぼうがいしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 妨害しましょう（ぼうがいしましょう） |
| Imperative | 妨害しろ（ぼうがいしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym阻害そがいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Covers holding back development or growth, as in 「成長を阻害」; 「妨害」 focuses on disrupting or obstructing an activity in progress.
- Synonym障害しょうがいNeutralNeutral. Refers to obstacles and barriers, and also to disabilities, impairments and malfunctions; 「妨害」 denotes the act of disrupting or obstructing.
- Synonym邪魔じゃまNeutralNeutral. Everyday word for being in the way or disturbing someone, common in speech; 「妨害」 is more formal and usually implies deliberate obstruction.
- Synonym差し支えるさしつかえるNeutralNeutral verb. Means to cause inconvenience or get in the way, often in the set phrase 「差し支えない」 ('no problem'); 「妨害」 is the act of interfering.
- Synonym妨げさまたげNeutralNeutral noun. Hindrance or obstruction, as in 「妨げになる」; 「妨害」 usually implies deliberate obstruction and carries a heavier feel.
- Synonym支障ししょうNeutralNeutral. Obstacles to work or operations, as in 「業務に支障」; 「妨害」 is interference that creates such obstacles.
- Synonym阻止そしNeutralNeutral. Stopping an action from taking place; 「妨害」 focuses on disrupting or disturbing.
- Synonym妨げるさまたげるNeutralNeutral verb. To hinder something from proceeding; 「妨害（する）」 is a Sino-Japanese word with a heavier feel, common in law and news.
- Synonym差し障るさしさわるNeutralNeutral verb. Means to adversely affect something; 「妨害」 is the act of disrupting or obstructing.
- Synonym差し障りさしさわりNeutralNeutral noun. Hindrance or giving offence, as in 「差し障りのない話」; 「妨害」 is the act of interfering.
- Synonym障りさわりNeutralNeutral. Hindrance or harm, and can also mean menstruation; 「妨害」 is the act of disrupting or obstructing.
- Related阻むはばむWrittenWritten/formal prose. Means to block or check someone's forward movement; 「妨害」 focuses on disrupting an activity.
- Related足手まといあしでまといNeutralNeutral. A person or thing that is a burden or drags others down; 「妨害」 is interference, deliberate or not, as in 「電波妨害」.
- Related干渉かんしょうNeutralNeutral. Meddling in other people's affairs, as in 「内政干渉」; 「妨害」 focuses on disrupting and obstructing.
- Related差し支えさしつかえNeutralNeutral noun. Hindrance, often in 「差し支えなければ」; 「妨害」 is the act of interfering.
- Related封鎖ふうさNeutralNeutral. Blockading roads, ports or areas; 「妨害」 focuses on disrupting or disturbing.
- Related邪魔立てじゃまだてNeutralNeutral. Deliberate obstruction with a pejorative tone; close to 「妨害」 but leans colloquial.
- Relatedお邪魔おじゃまNeutralNeutral. Polite term, mostly for visiting, as in 「お邪魔します」; 「妨害」 is the act of interfering.
- Related横槍よこやりNeutralNeutral. Metaphor for butting in or interfering from the side, as in 「横槍を入れる」; 「妨害」 is broader.
- Related足纏いあしまといNeutralNeutral. A burden or encumbrance, same as 「足手まとい」; 「妨害」 is an act of interference.
- Related立ちふさがるたちふさがるNeutralNeutral. Means to stand in the way and block someone's path; 「妨害」 focuses on disrupting an activity.
- Related邪魔者じゃまものNeutralNeutral. A person who is in the way, with a pejorative tone; 「妨害」 is an act of interference.
- Antonym促進そくしんNeutralAntonym. Where 「妨害」 obstructs, this promotes and accelerates progress.
- Antonym支援しえんNeutralAntonym. Where 「妨害」 obstructs, this supports and aids.
- Antonym助成じょせいWrittenAntonym, written/formal prose. Where 「妨害」 obstructs, this fosters and funds, mainly financially.
Use 「妨害」 for obstructing or disrupting an activity, as in 「営業妨害」 and 「睡眠妨害」. In everyday speech say 「邪魔」 for being in the way; use 「阻害」 for holding back development or growth, 「支障」 for obstacles to work or operations, and 「干渉」 for meddling in others' affairs. Antonyms: 「促進」, 「支援」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
