How to say "comprehension" in Japanese

• 理解りかいJLPT N3approx.Common
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbThe default choice for 'comprehension' in the everyday sense of understanding ideas, language, or situations. Use it in most contexts, from grasping a text to understanding another person's feelings.
  わたしはあなたの言いうことが理解りかいできる。↗

  I can understand what you are saying.
• 了解りょうかいJLPT N1approx.Common
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbCovers comprehension in the sense of taking in information, but in practice it usually conveys acknowledgment, consent, or agreement, as when accepting a request or confirming instructions. Not the everyday word for understanding.
  彼かれはゆっくりうなずいて了解りょうかいの意いを示しめした。↗

  He nodded slowly in comprehension.
• 悟りさとりCommon
  nounComprehension in the spiritual or religious sense of enlightenment, a deep awakening to truth, especially in Buddhist contexts. It does not refer to ordinary understanding of texts or instructions.
• 内包ないほうCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbA technical term from logic meaning 'intension' or 'connotation', the set of attributes a concept contains. Rarely the word you want for 'comprehension'; use it only in logical or philosophical discussion.
• 会得えとくCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbComprehension as a thorough grasp or perception of something, especially insight or skill fully absorbed through experience. It suggests deeper, more personal mastery than 理解.

Use 理解 for ordinary understanding of ideas or language, 了解 for acknowledging or agreeing to something, 「悟り」 for spiritual enlightenment, and 会得 for fully grasping a skill or insight; 内包 is a logic term, not everyday usage.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 理解りかいunderstanding
• 了解りょうかいcomprehension
• 悟りさとりcomprehension
• 内包ないほうconnotation
• 会得えとくunderstanding
• 包含ほうがんinclusion
• 分かりわかりunderstanding
• 合点がてんconsent
• 体得たいとくmastery
• 知得ちとくcomprehension
• 解語かいごcomprehension (of a word)
• 理解度りかいどcomprehension
• 包容ほうようtolerance
• 理会りかいbecoming aware
• 咀嚼そしゃくdigestion (e.g. of words)
• 地頭じあたまintelligence
• 飲み込みのみこみunderstanding
• 大覚だいかくunderstanding
• 通りとおりunderstanding