How to say "connection" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • 関係かんけいJLPT N4approx.Common
    noun, suru verb, intransitive verbThe ordinary word for a relationship or tie between people, groups, or things; use it when 'connection' means how two parties stand in relation to each other, personally or causally.
    これとあれはどういう関係かんけいがあるの。↗
    How is this connected to that?
  • 接続せつぞくJLPT N2approx.Common
    noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbCovers 'connection' as the joining or attachment of one thing to another — the word for technical contexts such as connecting equipment or a network connection, rather than for human relationships.
    インターネットの接続せつぞくが遮断しゃだんされた。↗
    My internet connection was cut off.
  • つながりJLPT N2approx.Common
    nounA link or bond between people or things, often emotional or interpersonal — ties to family, friends, or a community. Usually written in kana; it stresses the state of being connected.
    Dutch is closely related to German.
  • 関連かんれんJLPT N3approx.Common
    noun, suru verb, intransitive verbCovers 'connection' as relevance or association between matters — whether something is related to a topic, event, or question. Use it for related information or subjects, not for ties between people.
    この事実じじつはお互たがいに関連かんれんし合あっている。↗
    These facts are mutually related.
  • 連結れんけつCommon
    noun, suru verb, transitive verbCovers 'connection' as the physical coupling or linking of separate units into one whole, as when train cars are joined. Seldom the word for abstract or interpersonal senses; it is really about coupling.
    ここでも、このアプローチがマシュー・アーノルドの「どこにも連結れんけつがある」という考かんがえに由来ゆらいしていることを見みて取とることができる。↗
    Again, we can see this approach as deriving from Matthew Arnold's idea that everywhere there is connection.

Choose 関係 for relationships between people or things, 関連 for relevance or topical association, 「つながり」 for bonds and links, 接続 for technical or physical attachment, and 連結 for coupling separate units into a whole.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
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JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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