How to say "manifestation" in Japanese

• 現れあらわれJLPT N3approx.Common
  nounThe general word for an abstract thing — a feeling, a will, an illness — appearing or taking visible form; it covers the broad sense of manifestation as embodiment or materialization.
  それは彼女かのじょの性格せいかくの表あらわれだ。↗

  It is an index of her character.
• 表示ひょうじCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbCovers manifestation as an outward showing or indication: making an intention, feeling, or piece of information known, as in signs, notices, or on-screen displays. It is not for abstract embodiment.
• 発現はつげんCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbTreats manifestation as emergence: something latent or expected, such as symptoms or effects, newly appearing and becoming observable. Closest to "appearance" or "occurrence" rather than embodiment.
• 発露はつろCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbThe outward revealing of what is inside — emotions, desires, creative impulses — as when feelings find expression in words, art, or behavior; use it for the emotional sense of manifestation.
• 発揮はっきJLPT N2approx.Common
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbA show, display, or demonstration of power, ability, or talent — putting such capabilities to work. Seldom the word for manifestation generally; choose it only when the sense is a display of ability.
  この作家さっかが本領ほんりょうを発揮はっきしているのは短編小説たんぺんしょうせつだ。↗

  This writer is at his best in his short stories.

Choose 「現れ」 for something abstract taking visible form, 表示 for outward indication or display, 発現 for something newly emerging, 発露 for inner feelings surfacing, and 発揮 for a display of power or ability.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 現れあらわれembodiment
• 表示ひょうじindication
• 発現はつげんrevelation
• 発露はつろappearance
• 発揮はっきshow (of power, ability, etc.)
• 表明ひょうめいdeclaration
• 顕現けんげんmanifestation
• 顕示けんじmanifestation
• 示現じげんmanifestation (of a celestial being)
• 示威行為じいこういdemonstration