つま・妻・具tsuma[1]atamadaka (head-high)

1. nounwife
   私は妻つまを見舞みまいに病院びょういんに行いった。↗

   I went to the hospital to see my wife.
2. noungarnish (esp. one served with sashimi); trimmings
3. nounaccompaniment; side (remark)

• Synonym夫人ふじんFormalRespectful term for another person's wife, common in formal settings or for public figures; the neutral 「妻」 carries no such honorific.
• Synonym嫁よめCasualMeans a daughter-in-law or a bride, but colloquially also one's own wife; especially common in Kansai.
• Synonym女房にょうぼうCasualRefers to one's own wife with an old-fashioned, casual feel; used mostly by men of middle age or older.
• Synonym家内かないWrittenHumble term for one's own wife; an old-fashioned expression now less used because of changing views on gender.
• Synonym奥様おくさまFormalRespectful way to address another person's wife or a hostess; politer than 「奥さん」. Occasionally used jokingly or affectionately for one's own wife, as in 「うちの奥様」.
• Synonym奥さんおくさんNeutralLess formal than 「奥様」 when referring to someone else's wife; using it for your own wife sounds rather casual.
• Synonym人妻ひとづまNeutralA married woman or another man's wife; often carries a suggestive nuance, so use it with care.
• SynonymワイフNeutralLoanword for one's own wife, with a Westernized or joking tone.
• Synonym愚妻ぐさいFormalHumble term for one's own wife; old-fashioned written style, now rarely used as it can sound disparaging.
• Synonym令室れいしつFormalLetter-writing honorific for the recipient's wife; not used in everyday speech.
• Synonym令夫人れいふじんFormalSolemn, respectful term for another person's wife, used mainly in letters and formal settings.
• Synonym令閨れいけいFormalRare letter-style honorific for someone's wife; in speech, 「奥様」 is used instead.
• Synonym細君さいくんWrittenOld-fashioned term for one's own or a peer's wife, with a teasing nuance; seldom used today.
• Synonym嫁はんよめはんCasualKansai dialect word for one's own wife, affectionate and casual; avoided in formal settings.
• Synonym嫁さんよめさんCasualAffectionate or joking way to refer to one's own wife, or to a bride.
• RelatedおかみさんCasualThe proprietress of an inn or restaurant; also a friendly way to address a married woman.
• RelatedかかあCasualVulgar word for one's wife, as in 「かかあ天下」; has a rough, streetwise flavor.
• RelatedかみさんCasualOne's own wife, or the wife of a merchant or craftsman; carries the flavor of traditional downtown neighborhoods.
• Antonym夫おっとNeutralThe opposite of 「妻」: means husband, and can be used for your own or anyone else's husband.

「妻」 is the neutral, all-purpose word for a wife, your own or anyone else's. To refer to someone else's wife, choose 「奥さん」 (casual), 「奥様」 (polite) or 「夫人」 (formal). For your own wife, 「嫁」 and 「女房」 are colloquial, while 「家内」 is a humble, written-style term. The remaining words are mostly old-fashioned, dialectal, letter-style or otherwise special-purpose, and 「夫」 is the antonym, meaning husband.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. （つま）男おとこから見みて、女おんなの配偶者はいぐうしゃ。(文章語ぶんしょうごまたは謙譲語けんじょうご)
2. （つま）建物たてものの側面そくめんや軒端のきば。