嫁・娵・婦・媳|よめyome[0]heiban (flat)

1. nounbride
   どんな男おとこにもそれ相当そうとうの嫁よめのきてがあるもの。↗

   Every Jack must have his Jill.
2. noun(one's) daughter-in-law
   古今ここん東西とうざい、嫁よめと姑しゅうとめの仲なかは上手うまくいかぬ例れいが多おおいと見みえる。↗

   In all times and places many examples of poor relations between wives and mothers-in-law can be seen.
3. nounwife

• Synonym花嫁はなよめNeutralA woman about to be married or just married, used mainly in wedding contexts. 「嫁」 is broader: it can also mean a daughter-in-law or a wife.
• Synonym新婦しんぷFormalThe bride in formal settings — wedding speeches, invitations — often paired with 「新郎」. Does not refer to a daughter-in-law or wife.
• Synonym奥さんおくさんNeutralThe everyday way to refer to another person's wife; it can also mean one's own wife and is more casual than 「奥様」. Does not mean daughter-in-law.
• SynonymつまNeutralThe female sex of animals or plants, or the smaller/weaker of a pair. It only overlaps with 「嫁」 in referring to females; the two are not interchangeable.
• Synonym人妻ひとづまNeutralA married woman or another man's wife — the word focuses on the married status itself. Not used for a bride or daughter-in-law.
• Synonym夫人ふじんFormalAn honorific for the wife of a high-ranking person, used on formal occasions or as a suffix, as in 「首相夫人」.
• Synonymお嫁さんおよめさんNeutralA friendly, polite way to say 「嫁」, for a bride or a daughter-in-law who has married in; very common in speech, as in 「お嫁さんになる」.
• Related新妻にいづまNeutralA wife in the early days of marriage only — the word is tied to that newlywed period. 「嫁」 is not limited to new wives and also covers daughters-in-law.
• RelatedつまNeutralThe female sex of animals or plants, or the smaller/weaker of a pair. It only overlaps with 「嫁」 in referring to females; the two are not interchangeable.
• Related女房にょうぼうCasualNowadays mostly one's own wife, with a familiar, casual tone; in old times it meant a court lady. 「嫁」 can also mean a daughter-in-law.
• Related家内かないNeutralA humble way to refer to one's own wife to outsiders, steady and somewhat old-fashioned in tone. Calling one's wife 「嫁」 is more casual.
• Related奥様おくさまFormalA polite way to refer to someone else's wife, more respectful than 「奥さん」. Not used for one's own wife.
• RelatedミセスNeutralA loanword for a married woman, also an honorific placed before a surname; common in magazines and ads. Not used for a bride or daughter-in-law.
• RelatedおかみさんNeutralAn affectionate way to address a married woman, or the female proprietor or hostess of a shop or inn. Not used for a bride or daughter-in-law.
• Related嫁御よめごWrittenAn old-fashioned written term for a bride or daughter-in-law, with a respectful nuance; rarely used today — say 「お嫁さん」 in everyday speech.
• Related花嫁御寮はなよめごりょうWrittenAn archaic, dignified honorific for a bride, found in old-style writing. In modern everyday usage say 「花嫁」.
• RelatedかかあCasualA colloquial, rough word for one's own or someone else's wife — casual to the point of being rude, out of place in formal settings. 「嫁」 is more neutral.
• RelatedそばめWrittenIn old times, a concubine or close attendant maid — not a formal spouse, unlike 「嫁」, which denotes a proper wife or daughter-in-law.

Use 「嫁」 for a bride, a daughter-in-law, or one's own wife. At a wedding, the bride is 「花嫁」, or 「新婦」 in formal settings like speeches and invitations. For someone else's wife say 「奥さん」, or the politer 「奥様」; to refer humbly to your own wife, 「家内」. 「お嫁さん」 is a friendly everyday variant of 「嫁」 itself.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 結婚式けっこんしきで、これから夫おっとになる人ひとを迎むかえる女性じょせい
2. 息子むすこの妻つまとなる人ひと、またはなった人ひと
3. 夫おっとから見みた自分じぶんの妻つま