なおかつ・尚且つnaokatsu

Common
Definitions
  1. adverbbesides; furthermore; on top of that
    彼女かのじょは快活かいかつで愛想あいそがよく、親切しんせつでなおかつ思おもいやりがある。要ようするに立派りっぱな人ひとです。↗
    She is bright, friendly, kind, and considerate. In brief, she is a good person.
  2. adverband yet; nevertheless; even so
Synonyms & antonyms
  • SynonymなおWrittenWritten. Alone it means 'still' or 'even more'; as a connector, 'in addition'. 「尚且つ」 is the emphatic form, adding the nuance of still more on top of that.
  • SynonymさらにNeutralAn adverb for 'even more' or 'furthermore', at home in both speech and writing, as in 「更に詳しく」; 「尚且つ」 is an emphatic connective that stacks one thing on another.
  • Synonymその上そのうえNeutralA conjunction for 'besides, in addition', common in everyday speech; 「尚且つ」 is more written and carries a stronger, more emphatic tone.
  • SynonymかつWrittenWritten style, meaning 'and, at the same time', as in 「必要かつ十分」; 「尚且つ」 is the emphatic variant.
  • SynonymそれにCasualA colloquial conjunction for 'and, besides', as in 「それに安い」; 「尚且つ」 is more written.
  • SynonymなおまたFormalFormal, meaning 'moreover, in addition'; found mostly in official documents and letters. 「尚且つ」 leans toward both conditions holding at once.
  • Synonym加えてくわえてNeutralA conjunction for 'in addition, besides', leaning written; 「尚且つ」 is an emphatic form combining 「なお」 and 「かつ」.
  • RelatedにもかかわらずFormalFormal, meaning 'even so, in spite of that'; it marks contrast. 「尚且つ」 can also carry an 'even so' sense but is mostly additive.
  • Relatedかてて加えてかててくわえてFormalA formal set phrase meaning 'what is more', typically for one bad thing after another; 「尚且つ」 is neutral in tone.

Use 「尚且つ」 to add yet another layer on top of the previous point, as in 「安くて尚且つ美味しい」; the tone is emphatic. For plain 'and/besides' use 「その上」 or 「それに」; for a written, parallel 'and' use 「且つ」; for 'even more' use 「更に」; for 'in addition' use 「加えて」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. (接続詞せつぞくし"なお"を"かつ"により強調きょうちょうしたもの)並立へいりつ・累加るいかを意味いみする接続詞せつぞくし。そのうえに。
English equivalents

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