作戦・策戦|さくせんsakusen[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N1approx.Common
Which spelling to use
作戦作戦 is the more common kanji-only form for tactics, strategy, military operations, and naval operations; it is the form learners should choose.
策戦策戦 is less common than 作戦 as a kanji-only written form for the same meanings. Beginners should choose 作戦 instead.
Definitions
  1. nountactics; strategy
    タイムをとって作戦さくせんを練ねろう。↗
    Let's take time out to elaborate a strategy.
  2. noun, militarymilitary operation; naval operation
Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym戦略せんりゃくNeutralOverall, long-term strategy, as in 「経営戦略」; sits at a higher level than 作戦, which is a concrete plan of action.
  • Synonym戦術せんじゅつNeutralTactics for a specific battle or match, as in 「戦術を練る」; more technical and specialized than 作戦.
  • Synonym戦法せんぽうWrittenWritten/formal prose word for a way of fighting or playing, as in 「奇襲戦法」; focuses on the method of combat rather than the plan.
  • SynonymオペレーションNeutralLoanword for a military operation, or the running and operation of equipment, as in 「救出オペレーション」.
  • SynonymタクティクスNeutralLoanword for tactics; used mostly in sports and games.
  • SynonymタクティックNeutralLoanword for tactic; few examples in actual use.
  • Synonym軍略ぐんりゃくWrittenWritten/formal prose word for military strategy and scheming; rarely used in modern Japanese.
  • Related駆け引きかけひきNeutralBargaining and maneuvering to gain an edge, as in 「駆け引きが上手い」; leans toward negotiation tactics rather than a plan of action.

Use 「作戦」 for a concrete plan of action, in military, rescue or everyday contexts, as in 「作戦を立てる」. For big-picture strategy pick 「戦略」, for hands-on tactics 「戦術」, for negotiating moves 「駆け引き」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 戦たたかう際さいの策略さくりゃく。
  2. 転てんじて競争きょうそうや対立たいりつにおける謀略ぼうりゃくや計画けいかく。ことを成なすにあたって取とる方策ほうさくや段取だんどり。
  3. 軍隊ぐんたい等とうによって実施じっしされる戦闘せんとうを含ふくむ組織的そしきてきな行動こうどう。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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