侵す|おかすokasu[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Definitions
- godan verb, transitive verbto invade; to raid; to violate (airspace, etc.); to intrude; to trespass
- godan verb, transitive verbto infringe; to encroach
- godan verb, transitive verbto harm; to afflict; to affect
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 侵す（おかす） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 侵します（おかします） |
| Negative (nai) | 侵さない（おかさない） |
| polite (masen) | 侵しません（おかしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 侵さず・侵さぬ（おかさず・おかさぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 侵した（おかした） |
| polite (mashita) | 侵しました（おかしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 侵さなかった（おかさなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 侵しませんでした（おかしませんでした） |
| Te form | 侵して（おかして） |
| Potential | 侵せる（おかせる） |
| Passive | 侵される（おかされる） |
| Causative | 侵させる（おかさせる） |
| Causative passive | 侵させられる（おかさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 侵せば（おかせば） |
| tara | 侵したら（おかしたら） |
| Volitional | 侵そう（おかそう） |
| polite (mashou) | 侵しましょう（おかしましょう） |
| Imperative | 侵せ（おかせ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym侵入しんにゅうNeutralBreaking into a place without permission, as in 「住居侵入」. 「侵す」 is a transitive verb that also covers violating rights and being assailed by illness.
- Synonym侵略しんりゃくWrittenUnilateral violation of another nation's or group's sovereignty, territory or independence, not always by force; 「侵す」 is broader, covering personal rights and privacy.
- Synonym侵攻しんこうWrittenAttacking into another country or other territory, stressing the offensive action; 「侵す」 is not necessarily an attack.
- Synonym侵犯しんぱんWrittenUnlawful entry into territory or airspace, or infringement of rights, as in 「領空侵犯」; close in meaning to 「侵す」 but a formal Sino-Japanese noun.
- Related攻め込むせめこむNeutralAttacking into enemy lines; used in war and sports. 「侵す」 focuses on crossing boundaries to do harm, and is not used for games.
- Related占領せんりょうNeutralOccupying territory or having a place all to oneself; 「侵す」 means entering and doing harm, not necessarily occupying.
- Related侵害しんがいWrittenInfringement of rights or interests, as in 「人権侵害」「著作権侵害」; close to the rights-violating sense of 「侵す」, but a formal noun.
- Related占拠せんきょWrittenForcibly seizing and holding a location, as in 「不法占拠」; 「侵す」 does not emphasize holding it.
- Related攻め入るせめいるWrittenWritten style: to attack into enemy territory; 「侵す」 is not limited to military attack.
- Antonym守るまもるNeutralTo protect or guard; the opposite of 「侵す」 in its violating sense.
- Antonym防ぐふせぐNeutralTo defend against or stop violation; the opposite of 「侵す」.
- Antonym保護するNeutralTo protect so as to keep something from being violated, as in 「権利を保護する」; the opposite of 「侵す」.
Default to 「侵す」 for violating territory, rights or privacy. Use 「侵略」 for one-sided violation of another nation's or group's sovereignty, 「侵攻」 for attacking into another country or area, 「侵入」 for breaking into a place without permission, and 「侵害」 for infringing rights.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
