剛健|ごうけんgouken[0]heiban (flat)

1. na-adjective, nounvigour; vigor; virility; health; sturdiness
   彼女かのじょは１０マイル競争きょうそうを走はしるほど剛健ごうけんだった。↗

   She was strong enough to run a 10-mile race.

• SynonymたくましいNeutralEveryday word for a burly physique and strong will, also vigorous vitality; 「剛健」 is the more written word, stressing strength of body and mind.
• Synonym屈強くっきょうNeutralDescribes a powerfully built, muscular physique, mainly of men, as in 「屈強な男」; it is about physical strength, not spirit.
• Synonym頑丈がんじょうNeutralEveryday word for sturdy, durable things or bodies, as in 「頑丈な箱」; never describes spirit or character.
• Synonym健やかすこやかNeutralGentle word for sound health of body and mind at any age, as in 「健やかな生活」 or 「健やかに育つ」; 「剛健」 stresses strength and vigour.
• Synonym達者たっしゃNeutralMeans hale and hearty, or skilled at something; often in the greeting 「お達者で」 to an elderly person.
• Related頑強がんきょうNeutralEmphasizes tenacity and refusing to give in, as in 「頑強に抵抗する」; can also mean physically sturdy.
• Related壮健そうけんWrittenWritten word for being healthy and hardy, often used when asking after an elder's health; carries no nuance of mental grit.
• Related頑健がんけんWrittenWritten word for a very sturdy body that seldom falls ill; stresses constitution, and is rare even in writing.
• Related強健きょうけんWrittenWritten word for a strong physique, as in 「強健な体」; concerns the body rather than character.
• Related勇健ゆうけんWrittenMeans sound in body and mind; written and old-fashioned, hardly seen in modern usage.
• Antonym虚弱きょじゃくNeutralAntonym for a weak constitution prone to illness, as in 「虚弱体質」; the opposite of strength in body and mind.
• Antonym柔弱にゅうじゃくWrittenWritten antonym for weakness of will and frailty of body, the opposite of resolute strength.
• Antonym華奢きゃしゃNeutralAntonym for a slender, delicate figure or flimsy objects; the opposite of sturdy strength.

To praise everyday strength of body or will, use 「逞しい」; for sturdy objects, 「頑丈」. 「剛健」 is a written word for strength of body and mind, best known from 「質実剛健」. For gentle, all-ages health use 「健やか」. 「壮健」「頑健」「強健」 are written words for robust health or physique; 「屈強」 a muscular build, 「頑強」 tenacity, 「達者」 hale old age. Antonyms: 「虚弱」 weak health, 「華奢」 delicate, 「柔弱」 weak-willed.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 心身しんしんが逞たくましく、健すこやかなこと。また、そのようなさま。