走る・奔る・疾る・趨る|はしるhashiru[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
Which spelling to use
走る走る is the most common written form and the recommended default for beginners; use it for the senses in this entry.
奔る奔る is a rarely used kanji-and-kana written form of 走る. Beginning learners should normally use 走る instead.
疾る疾る is a rarely used kanji-and-kana written form of 走る. Beginning learners should normally use 走る instead.
趨る趨る is a rarely used kanji-and-kana written form of 走る. Beginning learners should normally use 走る instead.
Definitions
- godan verb, intransitive verbto run
- godan verb, intransitive verbto run (of a vehicle); to drive; to travel; to move; to sail
- godan verb, intransitive verbto rush (to); to dash; to race
- godan verb, intransitive verbto retreat; to flee; to defect (to)
- godan verb, intransitive verbto run away; to abscond; to elopeocc. 奔る
- godan verb, intransitive verbto flash (of lightning); to streak; to shoot (through; e.g. of pain); to run (through); to flare; to flit (e.g. across one's face); to spread quickly (of news, shock, etc.)
- godan verb, intransitive verbto go (e.g. bad, to extremes); to become; to turn; to take to (e.g. crime); to get carried away by (e.g. one's emotions); to get involved in; to get wrapped up inas 〜に走る; occ. 趨る
- godan verb, intransitive verbto run (through; of a road, street, etc.); to extend (e.g. of a mountain range); to stretch; to lie
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 走る（はしる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 走ります（はしります） |
| Negative (nai) | 走らない（はしらない） |
| polite (masen) | 走りません（はしりません） |
| classical zu / nu | 走らず・走らぬ（はしらず・はしらぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 走った（はしった） |
| polite (mashita) | 走りました（はしりました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 走らなかった（はしらなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 走りませんでした（はしりませんでした） |
| Te form | 走って（はしって） |
| Potential | 走れる（はしれる） |
| Passive | 走られる（はしられる） |
| Causative | 走らせる（はしらせる） |
| Causative passive | 走らせられる・走らされる（はしらせられる・はしらされる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 走れば（はしれば） |
| tara | 走ったら（はしったら） |
| Volitional | 走ろう（はしろう） |
| polite (mashou) | 走りましょう（はしりましょう） |
| Imperative | 走れ（はしれ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Transitive / intransitive pair
走る describes the subject's own act of running (as in 子供が公園を走る), while 走らす means to cause someone to run or to dispatch them hastily (as in 部下を現場へ走らす).
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym駆けるかけるWrittenWritten/formal prose for running fast; also to gallop on horseback, as in 「草原を駆ける」. More vivid and picturesque than 「走る」.
- Related駆け足かけあしNeutralNeutral noun for a fast run or trot; figuratively, doing something in a hurry, as in 「駆け足で説明する」.
- Relatedひた走るひたはしるWrittenWritten/formal prose for running at full speed without letup; figuratively, pressing single-mindedly toward a goal.
- Antonym止まるとまるNeutralNeutral antonym of 「走る」: to stop moving or come to a halt.
- Antonym歩くあるくNeutralNeutral antonym of 「走る」: to walk rather than run.
Use 「走る」 by default for people running and vehicles travelling. For literary description pick 「駆ける」, for a fast run or haste 「駆け足」, and for running flat out toward a goal 「ひた走る」; 「止まる」 and 「歩く」 are the opposites.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
