好む|このむkonomu[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
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- godan verb, transitive verbto like; to prefer
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 好む(このむ) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 好みます(このみます) |
| Negative (nai) | 好まない(このまない) |
| polite (masen) | 好みません(このみません) |
| classical zu / nu | 好まず・好まぬ(このまず・このまぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 好んだ(このんだ) |
| polite (mashita) | 好みました(このみました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 好まなかった(このまなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 好みませんでした(このみませんでした) |
| Te form | 好んで(このんで) |
| Potential | 好める(このめる) |
| Passive | 好まれる(このまれる) |
| Causative | 好ませる(このませる) |
| Causative passive | 好ませられる・好まされる(このませられる・このまされる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 好めば(このめば) |
| tara | 好んだら(このんだら) |
| Volitional | 好もう(このもう) |
| polite (mashou) | 好みましょう(このみましょう) |
| Imperative | 好め(このめ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym愛好あいこうWrittenTo be devoted to a hobby or pursuit, as in 「音楽を愛好する」; belongs to written/formal prose.
- Synonym愛するあいするNeutralTo love, as in 「家族を愛する」; the feeling is deeper than 「好む」.
- Synonym好くすくNeutralMeans to like, but is rarely used on its own; mostly seen in the passive 「人に好かれる」. 「好む」 leans more written and implies preferring.
- Synonym好き好むすきこのむNeutralOften used in the negative, as in 「好き好んで~するわけではない」, to say one is not doing something by choice.
- SynonymたしなむWrittenTo enjoy something in moderation, such as sake or the tea ceremony, as in 「酒を嗜む」; carries a refined, cultivated air; written/formal prose.
- Synonymお気に召すおきにめすFormalHonorific for when the other person takes a liking to something, as in 「お気に召しましたか」; formal.
- Related愛すあいすWrittenThe godan form of 「愛する」; found mainly in literary language and song lyrics; written/formal prose.
- Related惚れ込むほれこむNeutralTo be deeply captivated or charmed, as in 「人柄に惚れ込む」; the attraction is far stronger than 「好む」.
- Antonym嫌うきらうNeutralTo dislike or loathe; the direct opposite of 「好む」.
- Antonym憎むにくむNeutralTo hate or detest; a stronger emotion than 「嫌う」, and the opposite of 「好む」.
Use 「好む」 for preferring or liking a type of thing; in speech, 「好き」 is the usual choice. Use 「愛好」 for hobbies and interests, 「嗜む」 for moderate enjoyment, 「愛する」 for deep love, and 「お気に召す」 as the honorific for someone else's liking.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


