年・歳|としtoshi[2]odaka (tail-high)

1. nounyear
   一いち月がつは年としの一いち番目ばんめの月つきです。↗

   January is the first month of the year.
2. nounage; years
   お年としをお聞ききしてよろしいでしょうか。↗

   Might I ask your age?
3. nounpast one's prime; old age

• Synonym齢よわいWrittenElegant, literary word for age, as in 「齢八十」; in daily speech say 「年」 or 「年齢」.
• Synonym年齢ねんれいNeutralSino-Japanese word for age, used on forms and in formal settings, as in 「年齢制限」; 「年」 is the more colloquial choice.
• Related歳さいNeutralCounter for years of age, as in 「二十歳」. 「年」 is a noun for age, as in 「年を取る」, and cannot attach directly to numbers.
• Related年間ねんかんNeutralRefers to a one-year span or the years of an era name, as in 「年間売上」 and 「明治年間」; stresses duration, unlike 「年」.
• Related年度ねんどNeutralFiscal or academic year, in Japan usually April to March, as in 「今年度」; 「年」 is the calendar year.
• Related年代ねんだいNeutralAn era or period counted in units like decades, as in 「九十年代」, or the period something belongs to; 「年」 is a single year or one's age.
• Related年次ねんじWrittenWritten word for things done year by year, or the year one entered school or a company, as in 「年次報告」 and 「入社年次」.
• Related年頃としごろNeutralApproximate age or marriageable age, as in 「年頃の娘」; matches only the age sense of 「年」.
• Related高齢こうれいNeutralAdvanced age, as in 「高齢者」 and 「高齢化」; fairly formal, and covers only the old-age sense of 「年」.
• Related老いおいWrittenWritten word for ageing or old age, as in 「老いを感じる」; carries a wistful, reflective tone.
• Related老齢ろうれいWrittenWritten word for old age, as in 「老齢年金」; found mostly in official and institutional terms.
• Related老年ろうねんWrittenThe old-age stage of life, set against youth and one's prime, as in 「老年期」.
• Related年端としはWrittenWritten word seen mostly in 「年端もいかない子ども」, meaning still young; rarely used on its own.
• Related年紀ねんきWrittenWritten word for years, age, or periods; very rare in modern Japanese — say 「年」 in daily speech.

In everyday speech 「年」 covers both calendar years and age. Count age with 「～歳」; use 「年齢」 on forms and in formal contexts. 「年度」 is the fiscal or school year, 「年間」 a one-year span, 「年代」 an era or decade. For old age use 「高齢」; 「老い」「老齢」「老年」 are written alternatives. 「年頃」 is approximate or marriageable age; written 「年次」 means annual or entry year, and 「年端」「年紀」「齢」 are rare written words.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. （ネン、とし）年ねんに一度いちどだけをみることになった。
2. （ネン　古語こご「年（ねん）ねんが明あける」等とうで用もちいる）年季ねんき奉公ほうこうにおける期限きげん。
3. （とし）年齢ねんれい。
4. 期間きかんや年次ねんじをあらわす助数詞じょすうし。