復元・復原|ふくげんfukugen[0]heiban (flat)
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Which spelling to use
復元復元 is the most common written form and the usual choice for learners when expressing restoration, reconstruction, or restitution.
復原復原 is a rarely used written variant; learners will seldom encounter it and should generally choose 復元 instead.
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbrestoration (to the original state or location); reconstruction; restitution
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 復元する（ふくげんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 復元します（ふくげんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 復元しない（ふくげんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 復元しません（ふくげんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 復元せず・復元せぬ（ふくげんせず・ふくげんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 復元した（ふくげんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 復元しました（ふくげんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 復元しなかった（ふくげんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 復元しませんでした（ふくげんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 復元して（ふくげんして） |
| Potential | 復元できる（ふくげんできる） |
| Passive | 復元される（ふくげんされる） |
| Causative | 復元させる（ふくげんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 復元させられる（ふくげんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 復元すれば（ふくげんすれば） |
| tara | 復元したら（ふくげんしたら） |
| Volitional | 復元しよう（ふくげんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 復元しましょう（ふくげんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 復元しろ（ふくげんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym復旧ふっきゅうWrittenWritten/formal prose. For traffic, utilities and equipment resuming after an interruption, as in 「復旧作業」; 「復元」 returns something changed to its original form.
- Synonym修復しゅうふくNeutralRepairing damaged places or relationships, as in 「文化財の修復」; 「復元」 leans toward recreating something in its original appearance.
- Synonym回復かいふくNeutralRecovering health or returning to a better state, as in 「体力の回復」; 「復元」 is about returning something to its original state.
- Related修繕しゅうぜんWrittenWritten/formal prose. Repairing buildings and equipment; 「復元」 is about restoring the original appearance.
- Related立て直すたてなおすNeutralVerb for standing something up again or rebuilding it, as in 「経営を立て直す」; 「復元」 is about restoring the original appearance.
- Related修理しゅうりNeutralFixing broken machines so they work again; 「復元」 is about returning something to its original state.
- Related改修かいしゅうWrittenWritten/formal prose. Reworking or improving a structure; 「復元」 is about returning something to its original state.
- Related直しなおしCasualColloquial. Correcting or fixing, often as a suffix; 「復元」 is about returning something to its original state.
- Related補修ほしゅうWrittenWritten/formal prose. Repairing damaged parts; 「復元」 restores the original appearance and works for both wholes and parts.
- RelatedリペアCasualColloquial loanword for repairs, often for clothes, shoes and bags; 「復元」 is about restoring the original appearance.
- Related修補しゅうほWrittenWritten/formal prose. Mending and patching; 「復元」 is about returning something to its original state.
- Related繕いつくろいCasualColloquial. Sewing up torn clothes; 「復元」 is about returning something to its original state.
- Related補綴ほてつWrittenWritten/formal prose. Revising and supplementing, or dental prosthetics; 「復元」 is about returning something to its original state.
- Related復するふくするWrittenWritten/formal verb for reverting to a former state or taking revenge; 「復元」 also works as 「復元する」, leaning toward restoring the original appearance.
- Antonym破壊はかいNeutralDestroying or wrecking something; stands opposite to 「復元」 as destruction versus restoration.
- Antonym解体かいたいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Demolishing or dismantling; stands opposite to 「復元」 as taking apart versus restoring.
Use 「復元」 for returning something changed to its original form, as in 「データの復元」「復元模型」「復元力」. For post-disaster recovery use 「復旧」, for repairing damage 「修復」, for a state improving 「回復」; the opposites are 「破壊」 and 「解体」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
