忍ぶ|しのぶshinobu[2]nakadaka (mid-high)

Common
Definitions
  1. godan verb, intransitive verbto conceal oneself; to hide
  2. godan verb, transitive verbto endure; to bear; to stand; to put up with
    Taro had to eat dirt and resigned.
Conjugation
Dictionary form忍ぶ(しのぶ)
Polite (masu)忍びます(しのびます)
Negative (nai)忍ばない(しのばない)
polite (masen)忍びません(しのびません)
classical zu / nu忍ばず・忍ばぬ(しのばず・しのばぬ)
Past (ta)忍んだ(しのんだ)
polite (mashita)忍びました(しのびました)
Past negative (nakatta)忍ばなかった(しのばなかった)
polite (masen deshita)忍びませんでした(しのびませんでした)
Te form忍んで(しのんで)
Potential忍べる(しのべる)
Passive忍ばれる(しのばれる)
Causative忍ばせる(しのばせる)
Causative passive忍ばせられる・忍ばされる(しのばせられる・しのばされる)
Conditional (ba)忍べば(しのべば)
tara忍んだら(しのんだら)
Volitional忍ぼう(しのぼう)
polite (mashou)忍びましょう(しのびましょう)
Imperative忍べ(しのべ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym耐えるたえるNeutralThe most general word for bearing pain and withstanding pressure. 「忍ぶ」 has a more written flavour and also covers hiding.
  • Related辛抱しんぼうNeutralPatience and perseverance — gritting it out, as in 「もう少しの辛抱だ」. 「忍ぶ」 can also mean hiding oneself away.
  • Related凌ぐしのぐNeutralGetting through hardship, as in 「飢えをしのぐ」, and also surpassing others. 「忍ぶ」 centres on enduring and hiding.
  • RelatedこらえるNeutralHolding back an impulse such as tears or laughter, as in 「涙をこらえる」. 「忍ぶ」 is the more literary choice.
  • Antonym晒すさらすNeutralExposing something to public view or to the sun — the opposite of 「忍ぶ」's sense of hiding and concealing.

For enduring, 「我慢する」 and 「耐える」 are the everyday choices; to hold back an impulse use 「堪える」. 「忍ぶ」 is literary — 「恥を忍んで」 — and also means hiding quietly, as in 「人目を忍ぶ」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 耐たえる。我慢がまんする。
  2. 人目ひとめを避さける。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

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