懲罰|ちょうばつchoubatsu[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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Definitions
- suru verb, transitive verb, no-adjectivediscipline; punishment; reprimand
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 懲罰する（ちょうばつする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 懲罰します（ちょうばつします） |
| Negative (nai) | 懲罰しない（ちょうばつしない） |
| polite (masen) | 懲罰しません（ちょうばつしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 懲罰せず・懲罰せぬ（ちょうばつせず・ちょうばつせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 懲罰した（ちょうばつした） |
| polite (mashita) | 懲罰しました（ちょうばつしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 懲罰しなかった（ちょうばつしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 懲罰しませんでした（ちょうばつしませんでした） |
| Te form | 懲罰して（ちょうばつして） |
| Potential | 懲罰できる（ちょうばつできる） |
| Passive | 懲罰される（ちょうばつされる） |
| Causative | 懲罰させる（ちょうばつさせる） |
| Causative passive | 懲罰させられる（ちょうばつさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 懲罰すれば（ちょうばつすれば） |
| tara | 懲罰したら（ちょうばつしたら） |
| Volitional | 懲罰しよう（ちょうばつしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 懲罰しましょう（ちょうばつしましょう） |
| Imperative | 懲罰しろ（ちょうばつしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym処罰しょばつWrittenWritten-style; the broadest term for punishment, stressing a penalty under the rules. 「懲罰」 stresses punishing to discipline and warn, mostly within an organization.
- SynonymペナルティーNeutralNeutral loanword for a penalty or fine, used mostly in sports and for contract breaches.
- Synonym罰ばつNeutralThe everyday word for punishment, as in 「罰を受ける」「罰として掃除する」; 「懲罰」 is more written-style and usually means discipline within an organization.
- Synonym懲戒ちょうかいWrittenWritten; formal disciplinary action against officials or employees, as in 「懲戒免職」.
- Synonym罰するばっするWrittenWritten verb meaning to punish; covers penalties under law or rules and punishment in general.
- Related刑罰けいばつWrittenWritten legal term for criminal punishment; the sanctions a state imposes on crime.
- Related戒めいましめNeutralAn admonition or warning; stresses cautioning in advance to keep mistakes from happening, not necessarily a punishment.
- Related処分しょぶんNeutralA disposal or disciplinary measure; stresses the decision on how to handle something, as in 「停学処分」.
- Related制裁せいさいWrittenWritten-style word for sanctions on rule-breakers, whether between nations as in 「経済制裁」 or by an organization on its members.
- Related仕置きしおきCasualColloquial; chiefly spanking a naughty child, and also Edo-period criminal punishment such as execution.
- Related成敗せいばいWrittenWritten and old-fashioned; chastising or punishing someone, now mostly in 「喧嘩両成敗」.
- Related懲らしめこらしめNeutralChastisement; stresses making someone suffer so they mend their ways.
- Relatedお仕置きおしおきCasualColloquial punishment of children, often with affection or teasing.
- Related膺懲ようちょうWrittenArchaic written word for punishing, chiefly chastising an outside enemy.
- Related科罰かばつWrittenRare written term for imposing a penalty; in daily use say 「処罰」, or 「懲罰」 for the disciplinary kind.
- Antonym褒賞ほうしょうWrittenAntonym: a prize or reward, the opposite of disciplinary 「懲罰」.
Use 「懲罰」 for punishment meant to discipline and warn, as in 「懲罰委員会」. For penalties under rules say 「処罰」, for staff discipline 「懲戒」, in everyday speech 「罰」, and for sports or contract penalties 「ペナルティー」. The opposite is 「褒賞」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
