扶養|ふようfuyou[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N1approx.Common
Definitions
  1. noun, suru verb, transitive verbsupport (e.g. of one's dependents); maintenance
    あなたには扶養ふようしなければならない大おおきな家族かぞくがある。だが危険きけんをおかしてまで大おおきな利益りえきを得えようとするな。↗
    You have a large family to support; don't play for high stakes.
Conjugation
Dictionary form扶養する(ふようする)
Polite (masu)扶養します(ふようします)
Negative (nai)扶養しない(ふようしない)
polite (masen)扶養しません(ふようしません)
classical zu / nu扶養せず・扶養せぬ(ふようせず・ふようせぬ)
Past (ta)扶養した(ふようした)
polite (mashita)扶養しました(ふようしました)
Past negative (nakatta)扶養しなかった(ふようしなかった)
polite (masen deshita)扶養しませんでした(ふようしませんでした)
Te form扶養して(ふようして)
Potential扶養できる(ふようできる)
Passive扶養される(ふようされる)
Causative扶養させる(ふようさせる)
Causative passive扶養させられる(ふようさせられる)
Conditional (ba)扶養すれば(ふようすれば)
tara扶養したら(ふようしたら)
Volitional扶養しよう(ふようしよう)
polite (mashou)扶養しましょう(ふようしましょう)
Imperative扶養しろ(ふようしろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym養うやしなうNeutralTo support one's family or bear their living costs, also to cultivate ability; close to 「扶養」 but colloquial, while 「扶養」 is mostly legal/tax language.
  • Related維持いじNeutralKeeping a state or level unchanged, as in 「健康を維持する」; 「扶養」 specifically means supporting relatives financially.
  • Related支えるささえるNeutralTo prop up or support, emotionally or financially; 「扶養」 specifically means supporting relatives financially.
  • Related育てるそだてるNeutralTo raise children, train talent, or grow plants; 「扶養」 has no sense of nurturing and covers only financial support.
  • Related養育よういくWrittenWritten word for raising and educating children, as in 「養育費」; 「扶養」 also covers parents, spouses, and others.
  • Related扶育ふいくWrittenRare, written word for caring for and raising children; in everyday speech say 「養育」 or 「育てる」.
  • Related養い育てるやしないそだてるNeutralTo feed and care for someone so they grow, mainly children or animals; 「扶養」 stresses the financial burden and is not limited to children.
  • Antonym独立どくりつNeutralLiving on one's own without depending on others, the opposite of being under 「扶養」; also refers to a nation gaining independence.
  • Antonym自活じかつWrittenA written word for earning one's own living without family help, the opposite of being under 「扶養」.

Use 「扶養」 for supporting relatives in legal and tax contexts. In everyday speech, say 「養う」 for supporting the family, and 「育てる」 or 「養育」 for raising children. For making one's own living, use 「独立」 or, in formal prose, 「自活」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 独立どくりつして生計せいけいを営いとなめない者ものに対たいして、その親族しんぞく等とうが、生計せいけいを営いとなめるように経済的けいざいてきな支援しえんを行おこなうこと。適当てきとうな扶養ふようをおこなう者ものがいない場合ばあい、国家こっか等とうがこれに代かわって経済的けいざいてき支援しえんを行おこなうことは、「扶助ふじょ」といい、扶養ふようとは言いわない。
Kanji in this word
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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