施す|ほどこすhodokosu[3]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Definitions
- godan verb, transitive verbto give (time, money, goods); to donate
- godan verb, transitive verbto do; to perform; to conduct
- godan verb, transitive verbto apply (processing, makeup, etc.); to add (e.g. ornamentation, annotation)
- godan verb, transitive verbto sow; to seed; to scatter (e.g. fertilizer); to sprinkle
- godan verb, transitive verbto spread far and wide
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 施す（ほどこす） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 施します（ほどこします） |
| Negative (nai) | 施さない（ほどこさない） |
| polite (masen) | 施しません（ほどこしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 施さず・施さぬ（ほどこさず・ほどこさぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 施した（ほどこした） |
| polite (mashita) | 施しました（ほどこしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 施さなかった（ほどこさなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 施しませんでした（ほどこしませんでした） |
| Te form | 施して（ほどこして） |
| Potential | 施せる（ほどこせる） |
| Passive | 施される（ほどこされる） |
| Causative | 施させる（ほどこさせる） |
| Causative passive | 施させられる（ほどこさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 施せば（ほどこせば） |
| tara | 施したら（ほどこしたら） |
| Volitional | 施そう（ほどこそう） |
| polite (mashou) | 施しましょう（ほどこしましょう） |
| Imperative | 施せ（ほどこせ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym寄付きふNeutralNeutral. Donating money or goods to groups and institutions, as in 「寄付金」; 「施す」 centers on alms to the poor and also covers carrying things out.
- Synonym寄贈きぞうWrittenWritten/formal prose. Gifting items to schools, libraries and similar bodies, as in 「図書を寄贈」; 「施す」 centers on almsgiving.
- Synonym恵むめぐむNeutralNeutral. Showing mercy by giving money or alms, with a condescending nuance; 「施す」 also means applying measures.
- SynonymカンパCasualColloquial. A loanword abbreviation for fundraising for a movement or campaign; 「施す」 centers on almsgiving and implementation.
- Synonym喜捨きしゃWrittenWritten/formal prose; a Buddhist term for alms to temples or the poor; 「施す」 is broader.
- Synonym出捐しゅつえんWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare: contributing money; in everyday speech say 「寄付」.
- Synonym寄進きしんWrittenWritten/formal prose. Donating money or goods to temples and shrines; 「施す」 is broader and also covers applying measures.
- Related献金けんきんNeutralNeutral. Donating money, often for political purposes; 「施す」 centers on almsgiving and implementation.
- Related行うおこなうNeutralNeutral. The most general verb for carrying something out; 「施す」 centers on applying measures or adding decoration.
- Related差し上げるさしあげるNeutralNeutral humble language for giving something to someone or doing something for them; 「施す」 centers on almsgiving and applying.
- Related拠金きょきんWrittenWritten/formal prose. Pooling money for a cause; in everyday speech say 「出資」 or 「寄付」.
- RelatedくれてやるCasualColloquial, with a contemptuous edge: bestowing something on someone; 「施す」 is more written.
- Antonym奪ううばうNeutralNeutral. Opposite to 「施す」 in giving versus taking: it means to take something away, often by force.
- Antonym剥ぐはぐNeutralNeutral. Peeling or stripping something off, or stripping someone of clothes or status; contrasts with 「施す」 only when one applies versus removes a surface layer.
Use 「施す」 for almsgiving to the poor and for applying measures or decoration, as in 「治療を施す」 and 「装飾を施す」. For donating money to an organization, 「寄付」 is the everyday choice; for gifting items, 「寄贈」. For carrying something out in general, use 「行う」. The basic opposite is 「奪う」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
