死没・死歿|しぼつshibotsu[0]heiban (flat)
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Which spelling to use
死没死没 is the more common written form of this word and is the form beginners should use.
死歿死歿 is a less common written variant of 死没; beginners should choose 死没 instead.
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbdeath
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 死没する（しぼつする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 死没します（しぼつします） |
| Negative (nai) | 死没しない（しぼつしない） |
| polite (masen) | 死没しません（しぼつしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 死没せず・死没せぬ（しぼつせず・しぼつせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 死没した（しぼつした） |
| polite (mashita) | 死没しました（しぼつしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 死没しなかった（しぼつしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 死没しませんでした（しぼつしませんでした） |
| Te form | 死没して（しぼつして） |
| Potential | 死没できる（しぼつできる） |
| Passive | 死没される（しぼつされる） |
| Causative | 死没させる（しぼつさせる） |
| Causative passive | 死没させられる（しぼつさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 死没すれば（しぼつすれば） |
| tara | 死没したら（しぼつしたら） |
| Volitional | 死没しよう（しぼつしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 死没しましょう（しぼつしましょう） |
| Imperative | 死没しろ（しぼつしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym死亡しぼうNeutralThe most general, objective word for death, as in 「死亡事故」 and 「死亡年月日」; 「死没」 is more literary and mostly seen in registers and official documents.
- Synonym死しNeutralThe abstract concept of death, as in 「死の恐怖」; a noun only, it cannot be used as a verb the way 「死没」 can.
- Synonym死去しきょWrittenWritten word for passing away, typical of obituaries; more common than 「死没」.
- Synonym逝去せいきょWrittenWritten and respectful, used in obituaries for a person's death; 「死没」 carries no such honorific tone.
- Synonym死ぬしぬNeutralThe plainest, most direct everyday verb for dying; 「死没」 sounds bureaucratic and statistical by comparison.
- Synonym亡くなるなくなるNeutralThe everyday polite euphemism for passing away; 「死没」 is impersonal, belonging to records rather than conversation.
- Synonym他界たかいWrittenWritten euphemism for passing away, as in 「父が他界した」; suits personal notices rather than official lists.
- Synonym没ぼつWrittenWritten word for death used in chronologies like 「1900年没」.
- Synonym物故ぶっこWrittenWritten, Sino-Japanese word for a person's death, seen in registers as 「物故者」; close to 「死没」 in use.
- Synonym辞世じせいWrittenUsually means one's dying poem or last words; it can also mean passing away, but the poem sense dominates.
- Synonym没するぼっするWrittenWritten verb for dying, seen in chronologies like 「〜年に没する」.
- Synonym事切れることきれるWrittenWritten word for breathing one's last, focusing on the moment life ends rather than the recorded fact of death.
- Synonymこの世を去るこのよをさるWrittenA written euphemism meaning to leave this world; gentler than the official-sounding 「死没」.
- Synonym世を去るよをさるWrittenWritten euphemism for passing away that can also mean leaving the world for the priesthood or a secluded life.
- Synonym逝くいくWrittenA literary, elegant way to say pass away, with a poetic flavour 「死没」 lacks.
- Related往生おうじょうNeutralBuddhist term for dying and being reborn in the Pure Land; colloquially it also means being stumped, senses 「死没」 never has.
- Related絶命ぜつめいWrittenWritten word for life being cut short, as in 「その場で絶命した」; stresses the moment of dying more than 「死没」.
- Related絶息ぜっそくWrittenA rare written word for breathing one's last; 「絶命」 is the usual choice.
- Related薨去こうきょFormalFormal term for the death of imperial princes and princesses, the crown prince's consort, or nobles of third rank and up; the emperor and empress take 「崩御」.
- Related卒去しゅっきょFormalFormal historical term for the death of nobles of the fourth or fifth court rank.
- Related長逝ちょうせいWrittenWritten word for passing into eternal sleep, found mainly in eulogies.
- Related落命らくめいWrittenWritten word for losing one's life, typically in accidents or war.
- Relatedお隠れになるおかくれになるFormalFormal honorific for the death of an exalted person; far more reverential than 「死没」.
- Antonym生存せいぞんNeutralAntonym: to live, exist or survive — the direct opposite of 「死没」.
- Antonym生誕せいたんWrittenAntonym: birth, especially of a notable figure; pairs with 「死没」 in biographical records.
「死没」 is a written word for death, used mainly in registers and official documents, as in 「死没者名簿」. In everyday polite speech say 「亡くなる」; for an objective statement use 「死亡」; in obituaries write 「死去」 or the respectful 「逝去」. For dates of death in chronologies use 「没」 or 「没する」; for the moment life ends 「絶命」; for imperial or noble deaths 「薨去」 and 「卒去」. 「死ぬ」 is the plain everyday verb and 「死」 the abstract noun; the opposites are 「生存」 and 「生誕」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
- 死ぬこと。
Kanji in this word
See also
