無力|むりょくmuryoku[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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- na-adjective, no-adjectivepowerlessness; helplessness; incompetence; ineffectiveness
Conjugation
| Plain form | 無力(むりょく) |
|---|---|
| Polite (desu) | 無力です(むりょくです) |
| Negative (dewa nai) | 無力ではない(むりょくではない) |
| polite (dewa arimasen) | 無力ではありません(むりょくではありません) |
| Past (datta) | 無力だった(むりょくだった) |
| Past negative (dewa nakatta) | 無力ではなかった(むりょくではなかった) |
| Te form (de) | 無力で(むりょくで) |
| Adverbial (ni) | 無力に(むりょくに) |
| Conditional (nara) | 無力なら(むりょくなら) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym非力ひりきNeutralA na-adjective for lacking physical strength or ability, as in 「非力な腕」; it centers on bodily weakness rather than helplessness in a situation.
- Synonym無能むのうNeutralA na-adjective for being incompetent or unfit for a role, as in 「無能な上司」; it is pejorative and judges a person's ability, not helplessness.
- Synonym無能力むのうりょくWrittenA noun for lacking ability, also the legal term for incapacity; it leans toward written and formal usage.
- Related弱いよわいNeutralThe everyday adjective for being weak or not good at something, as in 「酒に弱い」; far broader in use than 「無力」 and covers general weakness.
- Related甲斐なしかいなしWrittenA written, old-fashioned phrase meaning futile or useless; rare in modern usage, and about pointlessness rather than lacking power.
- Antonym有力ゆうりょくNeutralA na-adjective for being influential or promising; the direct opposite of 「無力」.
- Antonym強力きょうりょくNeutralA na-adjective for being strong and powerful, as in 「強力な薬」; it stands opposite to 「無力」.
- Antonym有能ゆうのうNeutralA na-adjective for being capable and competent, as in 「有能な人材」; it is the opposite of 「無能」 rather than of 「無力」.
Use 「無力」 for being powerless in a situation, as in 「無力感」 or 「自分の無力さ」. Pick 「非力」 for weak physical strength, 「無能」 for incompetence, and 「弱い」 for general weakness. Opposites: 「有力」 influential, 「強力」 powerful, 「有能」 capable.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


