狂う|くるうkuruu[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
Definitions
- godan verb, intransitive verbto go mad; to lose one's mind; to go crazy; to go insane
- godan verb, intransitive verbto get out of order; to go amiss; to malfunction; to become imprecise
- godan verb, intransitive verbto go wrong (of a plan or expectation, etc.); to fall through; to get mixed up
- godan verb, intransitive verbto go crazy (over someone or something); to get enthusiastic; to go wild
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 狂う（くるう） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 狂います（くるいます） |
| Negative (nai) | 狂わない（くるわない） |
| polite (masen) | 狂いません（くるいません） |
| classical zu / nu | 狂わず・狂わぬ（くるわず・くるわぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 狂った（くるった） |
| polite (mashita) | 狂いました（くるいました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 狂わなかった（くるわなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 狂いませんでした（くるいませんでした） |
| Te form | 狂って（くるって） |
| Potential | 狂える（くるえる） |
| Passive | 狂われる（くるわれる） |
| Causative | 狂わせる（くるわせる） |
| Causative passive | 狂わせられる・狂わされる（くるわせられる・くるわされる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 狂えば（くるえば） |
| tara | 狂ったら（くるったら） |
| Volitional | 狂おう（くるおう） |
| polite (mashou) | 狂いましょう（くるいましょう） |
| Imperative | 狂え（くるえ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Transitive / intransitive pair
時計が狂う
狂う describes something (e.g., a clock) becoming inaccurate or malfunctioning on its own; 狂わす indicates that an external factor causes that inaccuracy.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Synonyms & antonyms
- Related取り乱すとりみだすNeutralLosing composure or panicking; lighter than 「狂う」, which covers going mad as well as machines and plans going wrong.
- Antonym整うととのうNeutralThe opposite of 「狂う」 in terms of order: things being tidy, in order, or fully prepared.
Use 「狂う」 for going mad, machines malfunctioning, or plans going awry; 「取り乱す」 for panicking or losing composure. The antonym 「整う」 describes order and readiness.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
