重なる|かさなるkasanaru[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N2approx.Common
Definitions
  1. godan verb, intransitive verbto be piled up; to lie on top of one another
  2. godan verb, intransitive verbto come one after another; to happen over and over; to pile up (e.g. stress); to accumulate
  3. godan verb, intransitive verbto overlap (each other); to occur at the same time; to happen simultaneously
    My birthday coincides with yours.
Conjugation
Dictionary form重なる(かさなる)
Polite (masu)重なります(かさなります)
Negative (nai)重ならない(かさならない)
polite (masen)重なりません(かさなりません)
classical zu / nu重ならず・重ならぬ(かさならず・かさならぬ)
Past (ta)重なった(かさなった)
polite (mashita)重なりました(かさなりました)
Past negative (nakatta)重ならなかった(かさならなかった)
polite (masen deshita)重なりませんでした(かさなりませんでした)
Te form重なって(かさなって)
Potential重なれる(かさなれる)
Passive重なられる(かさなられる)
Causative重ならせる(かさならせる)
Causative passive重ならせられる・重ならされる(かさならせられる・かさならされる)
Conditional (ba)重なれば(かさなれば)
tara重なったら(かさなったら)
Volitional重なろう(かさなろう)
polite (mashou)重なりましょう(かさなりましょう)
Imperative重なれ(かさなれ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Transitive / intransitive pair
intransitive重なるかさなる⇄transitive重ねるかさねる
皿さらが重かさなる
重なる describes things coming to lie on top of one another as a state or spontaneous occurrence, while 重ねる describes an agent deliberately placing one thing on another.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym重なり合うかさなりあうNeutralStresses several things lying on top of or overlapping one another, as in 「花びらが重なり合う」; use it when the mutual overlapping itself is what matters.
  • Synonymかさなり合うNeutralA kana spelling of 「重なり合う」 with the same meaning; like that form, it stresses things overlapping one another.
  • Antonym離れるはなれるNeutralTo separate or move apart — the opposite of things lying piled together as with 「重なる」.

Use 「重なる」 for things stacked on top of each other or events coinciding, as in 「予定が重なる」 and 「不幸が重なる」. When several things overlap one another, 「重なり合う」 (or its kana spelling かさなり合う) fits better; 「離れる」 is the opposite.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 比較的ひかくてき薄うすいものの上うえにさらにものが乗のる。
  2. いくつかの事柄ことがらが同時どうじに起おこる。
  3. 符合ふごうする。一致いっちする。
  4. 年齢ねんれいや歳月さいげつが積つもる。いくつかの事柄ことがらがつづいて起おこる。
  5. 景色けしきなどが連つらなる。
Kanji in this word

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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